Coll. Res.: A Geophysical Transect Across the Arctic Ocean: Multi-Channel Seismic Reflection and Seismic Refraction data Acquisition on the USCG Icebreaker Healy, Summer 2005

该提案是来自阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校、德克萨斯大学和卑尔根大学的主要研究人员的合作提案。 海洋科学司将为今后在北冰洋进行的选址调查提供资金。 在过去的几年里，通过飞机、破冰船和潜艇获取的新数据，北冰洋已经被揭示出来。这些数据已编入可供公众查阅的测深、重力和磁力数据网格，提供基本的区域描述。这一巨大的国际投资源于人们的广泛认识，即地球科学中的基本问题，从古气候和古海洋学问题到基本板块构造，都可以在那里得到解答。 为了揭示该地区的历史并更深入地了解北冰洋的演变，有必要利用多道地震反射数据（MCS）对海脊结构和积累的中新生代沉积物进行成像，并利用地震折射数据对地壳深部进行成像。 智力价值-该项目提出了一个高分辨率MCS和地震折射数据采集方案，将于2005年夏季在Healy上沿沿着一条横穿北极盆地的横断面进行，采用北极适用的MCS系统（200-300米拖缆）和声纳浮标，从阿拉斯加的巴罗点开始，到挪威的斯瓦尔巴德群岛附近结束。该样带将穿越楚科奇边界、鹦鹉螺海盆、门捷列夫海岭、阿尔法海岭、马卡罗夫海盆、罗蒙诺索夫海岭和加克尔海岭。这些新的数据将确定细分盆地的山脊和高原的内部结构，并将首次建立中间盆地的地层学。要检验关于盆地和海脊历史以及美亚盆地板块边界的类型和位置的假设，就需要了解这种结构。国家和国际合作--一组美国、瑞典和挪威的研究人员将在2005年夏天进行一次跨北极盆地的考察。瑞典“奥登”号破冰船将通过该盆地，重现1994年收集的海洋学剖面。USCG Healy将支持固体地球和取芯应用，并将在大约一半的探险中自主运行，与Oden在Alpha Ridge的侧翼会面，以一前一后地离开盆地。该项目将获得挪威石油局的大量资金。 在综合方案期间，希利将收集前所未有的综合地球物理数据集，包括多波束条带测深和侧扫、海底浅剖面仪、多道地震反射和地震折射数据。但这些数据将有超出工作范围的用途，因为从希利收集的综合数据集将成为北冰洋现场调查数据库的开始。因此，2004年夏季将在罗蒙诺索夫海岭进行北极地区的第一次专门科学钻探。这些新数据的收集将建立在明年夏天计划的努力基础上，为未来在北冰洋的科学钻探作业做准备，并大大增加北极研究的国际合作。一些来自美国和欧洲的学生将参加这次巡航。

This proposal is a collaborative proposal from Principal Investigators at the University of Alaska-Fairbanks, Texas A & M, and University of Bergen. The Division of Ocean Sciences will contribute funding for future site selection surveys in the Arctic Ocean. Over the past few years, the Arctic Ocean has been revealed through the acquisition of new data by airplanes, icebreakers, and submarines. These data have been compiled into publicly available grids of bathymetry, gravity, and magnetic data that provide a basic regional description. This enormous international investment stems from the wide recognition that fundamental problems in the Earth Sciences, from paleoclimate and paleoceanographic issues to basic plate tectonics can be answered there. To unravel the region's history and gain a deeper understanding of the Arctic Ocean's evolution, it is necessary to image ridge structures and the accumulated Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments with multi-channel seismic reflection data (MCS) and the deeper crust with seismic refraction data. Intellectual Merit - This project presents a program of high resolution MCS and seismic refraction data acquisition to be conducted along a transect across the Arctic basin during the summer of 2005 on the Healy with an Arctic adapted MCS system (200-300 meter streamer) and sonobuoys starting from Point Barrow, Alaska and ending near Svalbard, Norway. The transect will cross the Chukchi Borderland, the Nautilus Basin, the Mendeleev Ridge, the Alpha Ridge, the Makarov Basin, the Lomonosov Ridge, and the Gakkel Ridge. These new data will determine the internal structure of the ridges and plateaus that subdivide the basin, and will establish for the first time the stratigraphy of the intervening basins. Knowledge of this structure is required to test hypotheses regarding the of the basin and ridge history and the type and location of plate boundaries in the Amerasian Basin. The objectives go beyond a local understanding of the Arctic and bear directly on understanding the global plate tectonic circuit for the Mesozoic.National and International Cooperation - A group of U.S, Swedish, and Norwegian investigators will make major a cross-Arctic basin expedition in the summer, 2005. The Swedish icebreaker Oden will transit the basin, reproducing an oceanographic section collected in 1994. The USCG Healy will support solid earth and coring applications and will operate autonomously for about half of the expedition, meeting with Oden on the flanks of the Alpha Ridge to transit in tandem out of the basin. The project will receive substantial funding from the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate. During the combined programs, Healy will collect an unprecedented, integrated geophysical data set consisting of multi-beam swath bathymetry and sidescan, sub-bottom profiler, multi-channel seismic reflection and seismic refraction data.Broader Impacts - The focus of this research will be on the structure and stratigraphy of the Arctic Ocean, but the data will have uses beyond the work because an integrated data set collected from Healy will be the beginning of a site survey database for the Arctic Ocean. Thus, the first dedicated scientific drilling in the Arctic will take place on the Lomonosov Ridge during the summer of 2004. Collection of these new data will build on the efforts planned next summer, prepare for future scientific drilling operations in the Arctic Ocean and substantially increase international cooperation in Arctic Research. A number of students from both the US and Europe will participate in this cruise.