Coll. Res.: A Geophysical Transect Across the Arctic Ocean: Multi-Channel Seismic Reflection and Seismic Refraction data Acquisition on the USCG Icebreaker Healy, Summer 2005

这项提案是阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校、德克萨斯农工大学和卑尔根大学的首席研究人员合作提出的。海洋科学司将为今后北冰洋的选址调查提供资金。在过去的几年里，北冰洋通过飞机、破冰船和潜艇获取的新数据被揭示出来。这些数据已被汇编成公开可用的水深、重力和磁力数据网格，提供了基本的区域描述。这笔巨大的国际投资源于人们的广泛认识，即地球科学中的基本问题，从古气候和古海洋问题到基本的板块构造，都可以在那里得到解答。为了揭示北冰洋的历史和更深入地了解北冰洋的演化，有必要用多道地震反射资料成像海脊结构和堆积的中、新生代沉积物，用地震折射资料成像地壳深部。智力优势-该项目提出了一个高分辨率MCS和地震折射数据采集计划，将于2005年夏天在Healy横跨北极盆地的横断面上进行，使用北极适应的MCS系统(200-300米拖缆)和声纳浮标，从阿拉斯加州的巴罗点开始，到挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛附近结束。横断面将跨越楚科奇边界、鹦鹉螺盆地、门捷列夫山脊、阿尔法山脊、马卡洛夫盆地、洛蒙诺索夫山脊和加克尔山脊。这些新数据将确定细分盆地的山脊和高原的内部结构，并将首次确定介于两者之间的盆地的地层学。需要了解这一结构，以检验关于该盆地和海脊历史以及亚细亚盆地板块边界类型和位置的假设。这些目标超越了对北极的地方性了解，直接关系到对中生代全球板块构造回路的了解。国家和国际合作-美国、瑞典和挪威的一组调查人员将于2005年夏天进行一次跨北极盆地的重大考察。瑞典破冰船奥登号将穿越该盆地，再现1994年收集的海洋剖面。USCG Healy将支持固体地球和岩心应用，并将在大约一半的探险时间内自主操作，在阿尔法山脊的侧翼与奥登相遇，以串联方式离开盆地。该项目将从挪威石油局获得大量资金。在合并计划期间，Healy将收集前所未有的综合地球物理数据集，包括多波束条带测深和侧扫、海底剖面仪、多通道地震反射和地震折射数据。广泛影响--这项研究的重点将是北冰洋的结构和地层，但这些数据将具有超出工作范围的用途，因为从Healy收集的综合数据集将是北冰洋现场调查数据库的开始。因此，北极的第一次专门的科学钻探将于2004年夏天在洛蒙诺索夫海脊进行。这些新数据的收集将建立在明年夏天计划的努力的基础上，为未来北冰洋的科学钻探作业做准备，并大幅增加北极研究方面的国际合作。来自美国和欧洲的一些学生将参加这次邮轮。

This proposal is a collaborative proposal from Principal Investigators at the University of Alaska-Fairbanks, Texas A & M, and University of Bergen. The Division of Ocean Sciences will contribute funding for future site selection surveys in the Arctic Ocean. Over the past few years, the Arctic Ocean has been revealed through the acquisition of new data by airplanes, icebreakers, and submarines. These data have been compiled into publicly available grids of bathymetry, gravity, and magnetic data that provide a basic regional description. This enormous international investment stems from the wide recognition that fundamental problems in the Earth Sciences, from paleoclimate and paleoceanographic issues to basic plate tectonics can be answered there. To unravel the region's history and gain a deeper understanding of the Arctic Ocean's evolution, it is necessary to image ridge structures and the accumulated Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments with multi-channel seismic reflection data (MCS) and the deeper crust with seismic refraction data. Intellectual Merit - This project presents a program of high resolution MCS and seismic refraction data acquisition to be conducted along a transect across the Arctic basin during the summer of 2005 on the Healy with an Arctic adapted MCS system (200-300 meter streamer) and sonobuoys starting from Point Barrow, Alaska and ending near Svalbard, Norway. The transect will cross the Chukchi Borderland, the Nautilus Basin, the Mendeleev Ridge, the Alpha Ridge, the Makarov Basin, the Lomonosov Ridge, and the Gakkel Ridge. These new data will determine the internal structure of the ridges and plateaus that subdivide the basin, and will establish for the first time the stratigraphy of the intervening basins. Knowledge of this structure is required to test hypotheses regarding the of the basin and ridge history and the type and location of plate boundaries in the Amerasian Basin. The objectives go beyond a local understanding of the Arctic and bear directly on understanding the global plate tectonic circuit for the Mesozoic.National and International Cooperation - A group of U.S, Swedish, and Norwegian investigators will make major a cross-Arctic basin expedition in the summer, 2005. The Swedish icebreaker Oden will transit the basin, reproducing an oceanographic section collected in 1994. The USCG Healy will support solid earth and coring applications and will operate autonomously for about half of the expedition, meeting with Oden on the flanks of the Alpha Ridge to transit in tandem out of the basin. The project will receive substantial funding from the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate. During the combined programs, Healy will collect an unprecedented, integrated geophysical data set consisting of multi-beam swath bathymetry and sidescan, sub-bottom profiler, multi-channel seismic reflection and seismic refraction data.Broader Impacts - The focus of this research will be on the structure and stratigraphy of the Arctic Ocean, but the data will have uses beyond the work because an integrated data set collected from Healy will be the beginning of a site survey database for the Arctic Ocean. Thus, the first dedicated scientific drilling in the Arctic will take place on the Lomonosov Ridge during the summer of 2004. Collection of these new data will build on the efforts planned next summer, prepare for future scientific drilling operations in the Arctic Ocean and substantially increase international cooperation in Arctic Research. A number of students from both the US and Europe will participate in this cruise.