Collaborative Research: Mining SCICEX Geophysical Data in the Arctic Ocean to Constrain the Structure and Geologic Development of the Amerasian Basin

AbstractOPP-0240964CochranOPP-0241004CoakleyOPP-0241188EdwardsThis是由拉蒙特·多尔蒂地球天文台以及夏威夷大学和阿拉斯加大学的首席研究人员共同提出的建议。1995至1999年间，美国海军通过SCICEX(科学冰演习)计划执行了五次前往北冰洋的核潜艇巡航，用于民用科学研究。1998年和1999年，在潜艇上安装了海底特征和测绘舱成套仪器，这是一个综合地球物理测量系统，提供重力、小水线测深和侧扫以及Chirp海底剖面仪数据。在这两次航行中，SCAMP获得了北冰洋主要海底特征的地球物理数据。这些数据被用来确定Gakkel海脊的形态、结构和构造，该海脊作为全球大洋中脊系统中最慢的扩张部分占有极其重要的位置，并通过对北冰洋浅层冰川形成特征的成像来检验更新世北极冰盖存在的假设。该项目的目的是继续挖掘这一独特而丰富的数据集，并解决与亚细亚盆地的起源、结构和发展有关的重要问题。拟议工作的主要焦点将是洛蒙诺索夫海脊和楚科奇边界，洛蒙诺索夫海脊是横跨北冰洋的大陆地壳狭长地带，横跨北冰洋，将中生代欧亚盆地与第三纪欧亚盆地隔开；楚科奇边界是延伸到加拿大盆地的大陆地壳的高地。对强调这些特征的亚细亚盆地的SCICEX数据进行的地球物理研究，使我们得以调查一个非常简单但尚未得到解答的极其基本的问题：亚细亚盆地是如何形成的？该盆地的起源和构造发展一直备受争议。该盆地公布的数据没有定论，可以用来支持截然不同的模型。首席调查人员将确定裂谷的结构和类型，并区分不同的模型。楚科奇边界是一块伸入亚细亚盆地的大陆地壳。不同的亚细亚盆地发展模式为边界地区的北部和东部(北风陡坡)提出了不同的形成模式。SCAMP数据将提供必要的数据，以确定边缘的结构和裂谷的形式，并允许对盆地起源的模型进行进一步测试。

AbstractOPP-0240964CochranOPP-0241004CoakleyOPP-0241188EdwardsThis is a collaborative proposal by Principal Investigators at Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory and the Universities of Hawaii and Alaska. Between 1995 and 1999, the U.S. Navy carried out five nuclear submarine cruises to the Arctic Ocean for civilian scientific research through the SCICEX (SCience ICe EXercise) program. The Seafloor Characterization and Mapping Pods' (SCAMP)instrument package, an integrated geophysical survey system providing gravity, swath bathymetry and sidescan, and chirp sub-bottom profiler data was installed on the submarine for the 1998 and 1999 cruises. During those two cruises, SCAMP geophysical data were acquired over the major Arctic Ocean floor features. These data were used to determine the morphology, structure and tectonics of the Gakkel Ridge which occupies a singularly important position as the slowest spreading portion of the global mid-ocean ridge system, and to test the hypothesis of the existence of a Pleistocene Arctic ice sheet by imaging shallow portions of the Arctic Ocean for glaciogenic features. The purpose of this project is to allow continued mining of this unique and rich data set and to address important questions related to the origin, structure and development of the Amerasian Basin. The primary foci of the proposed work will be the Lomonosov Ridge, a sliver of continental crust extending across the Arctic Ocean separating the Mesozoic Amerasian Basin from the Tertiary Eurasian Basin, and the Chukchi Borderland, a high-standing area of extended continental crust jutting into the Canada Basin. Geophysical studies of the SCICEX data from the Amerasian Basin emphasizing those features allow investigation of a very simple, but unanswered and extremely fundamental question: How did the Amerasian Basin come into being? The origin and tectonic development of the basin has been very controversial. Published data from the basin is inconclusive and can be used to support radically different models. Principal Investigators will determine the structure and the type of rifting and distinguish among the different models. The Chukchi Borderland is a block of continental crust protruding into the Amerasian Basin. Different models for the development of the Amerasian Basin propose different modes of formation for the northern and eastern (Northwind Escarpment) margin of the Borderland. SCAMP data will provide the necessary data to determine the structure of the margin and the form of rifting and to allow further tests for the models for the origin of the basin.