Experiments on Time-Resolved Transport and Imaging of Moving Vortex Matter

这一个人研究人员奖将支持超导体中的时间分辨输运和成像研究，以阐明控制它们对外加电场和电流的响应的机制。重点将集中在第二类超导体中涡旋晶格的运动的开始，涡旋晶格从静态结构到运动稳态的演化和重组，以及这些性质如何依赖于驱动力、淬火无序、温度和边界。此外，还提出了实验来识别预测的移动相的特征特征，包括横向临界电流和窄带噪声的产生。测量将使用在PI实验室建造的新型显微镜进行，该显微镜结合了时间分辨传输、扫描隧道显微镜和霍尔探测能力。这项研究的影响预计将延伸到其他运动结构的物理上，包括电荷密度波系统、磁泡和维格纳晶体。将在研究生和本科生以及博士后研究员的积极参与下开展该项目的工作。这些年轻的科学家将接受尖端研究和使用最先进设备的培训，这将使他们为填补工业和学术界要求苛刻的技术和研究职位做好准备。超导体中的涡旋是围绕包含磁通量量子的微观线旋转的微小电流漩涡。正是由于涡流，超导体才能在携带大量电流时保持其非凡的性能，也正是由于涡流，超导体有望给我们日常生活的许多方面带来革命性的变化，包括交通、通信、医疗诊断、能量存储和输电线路。只要涡旋被固定在适当的位置，超导电性就保持不变，但一旦它们开始移动，超导体就会变成一种相当差的金属。这项研究的主要目的是阐明导致涡旋运动开始的机制，并研究涡旋运动建立后出现的模式和动力学阶段。这项研究项目将使用PI实验室开发的各种新技术来探索超导体中涡旋运动的开始，以及它们从静态结构到运动状态的演化和重组。这项研究的影响预计将延伸到其他运动结构的物理上，包括电荷密度波系统、磁泡和电子晶体。将在研究生和本科生以及博士后研究员的积极参与下开展该项目的工作。这些年轻的科学家将接受尖端研究和使用最先进设备的培训，这将使他们为填补工业和学术界要求苛刻的技术和研究职位做好准备。

This individual investigator award will support time-resolved transport and imaging studies in superconductors in order to elucidate the mechanisms that govern their response to applied fields and currents. The emphasis will be on the onset of motion in vortex lattices in type II superconductors, the vortex lattice's evolution and reorganization from a static structure into a moving steady state and how these properties depend on driving force, quenched disorder, temperature and boundaries. In addition experiments are proposed to identify characteristic signatures predicted for the moving phases including the transverse critical current, and the generation of a narrow band noise. The measurements will be carried out with a novel microscope, constructed in the PI's laboratory, which incorporates time-resolved transport, STM and Hall probe capabilities. The impact of this research is expected to extend to the physics of other moving structures including charge density wave systems, magnetic bubbles, and Wigner crystals. Work on this project will be carried out with the active participation of students at the graduate and undergraduate level and of post doctoral fellows. These young scientists will receive training in cutting edge research and in the use of state of the art equipment that will prepare them for filling demanding technical and research positions in industry and academia. %%%%Vortices in superconductors are tiny whirlpools of current swirling around microscopic threads containing a quantum of magnetic flux. It is because of vortices that superconductors are able to preserve their remarkable properties when carrying large amounts of current and it is thanks to vortices that superconductors hold the promise of revolutionizing many aspects of our daily lives including transportation, communications, medical diagnosis, energy storage and transmission lines. As long as vortices are pinned in place superconductivity is maintained, but once they start moving the superconductor transforms into a rather poor metal. The primary object of this research is to elucidate the mechanisms that lead to the onset of vortex motion and to study the patterns and dynamic phases that emerge once the motion is established. This research project will employ a variety of novel techniques developed in the PI's laboratory to probe the onset of motion of vortices in superconductors, their evolution and reorganization from a static structure into a moving state. The impact of this research is expected to extend to the physics of other moving structures including charge density wave systems, magnetic bubbles, and electron crystals. Work on this project will be carried out with the active participation of students at the graduate and undergraduate level and of post doctoral fellows. These young scientists will receive training in cutting edge research and in the use of state of the art equipment that will prepare them for filling demanding technical and research positions in industry and academia.