Structure and Dynamics in Temperature-Sensitive and Anistropic Complex Fluids

温度敏感和各向异性复杂流体的结构和动力学

• 批准号: 0505048
• 负责人: Arjun Yodh
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0505048&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structure; Dynamics; Temperature; Sensitive; Anistropic

**** NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT ***This experimental program will explore the fundamental properties of complex fluids such as colloidal suspensions, emulsions and oil-water interfaces, polymer and surfactant solutions, liquid crystals, and mixtures thereof. These soft materials find applications in the paint, food science, and cosmetics industries, in the practical control of fluid rheologies and microfluidics, in cell biology, in high-tech problems such as photonics, lithography, biochemical sensors and processors, and in design of advanced composites. This project will create new materials and will elucidate a variety of basic phenomena such as melting, diffusion, and self-assembly. Knowledge gained in these studies will impact on our ability to manipulate particles (micro- and nano-particles) and macromolecules in solution, and thereby offer insight for the practical problems listed above. Technology developed as part of this research has potential economic benefit, e.g. it has led already to the formation of a start-up nanotechnology company. The program will also educate a new generation of scientists and engineers about soft materials; these students will add to the technological infrastructure of the nation. **** TECHNICAL ABSTRACT ****This individual investigator award supports experiments in soft materials to elucidate traditional phenomena such as melting, diffusion and self-assembly using non-traditional materials and observational tools. The research will also create and understand the behavior of a variety of novel 'hyper-complex fluids', i.e. complex fluids composed of more than one soft material. The project involves three sets of experiments; 1) Temperature-sensitive polymers will be employed to induce novel phase behavior, and to enable in-situ observations of phase transition dynamics and scaling in a range of complex fluids. The focus of this study will be on melting, freezing, solid-solid phase transitions, and jamming of temperature-sensitive lyotropic colloids. 2) Diffusion and structure of isotropic and anisotropic mesogens (e.g. spherical and ellipsoidal particles) in unusual background solvents such as nematic liquids and two-dimensional interfaces will be investigated. 3) New complex fluid materials and phenomenology created by mixing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in various soft materials will be studied. Preliminary studies have identified a plethora of complex fluids (e.g. surfactant solutions, gels, epoxies) whose properties (e.g. rheological, electrical) are dramatically changed by addition of SWNTs. Investigation of this system class will be from a fundamental viewpoint. In addition new methodologies for manipulation of nanotubes will be identified. The students involved in these research projects will learn skills that will add to the technological infrastructure of the nation.

* 非技术摘要 * 本实验项目将探索复杂流体的基本性质，如胶体悬浮液，乳液和油-水界面，聚合物和表面活性剂溶液，液晶及其混合物。 这些软材料在涂料、食品科学和化妆品行业、流体流变学和微流体学的实际控制、细胞生物学、高科技问题（如光子学、光刻、生化传感器和处理器）以及先进复合材料的设计中得到应用。 该项目将创建新材料，并将阐明各种基本现象，如熔化，扩散和自组装。在这些研究中获得的知识将影响我们在溶液中操纵粒子（微米和纳米粒子）和大分子的能力，从而为上述实际问题提供见解。 作为这项研究的一部分开发的技术具有潜在的经济效益，例如，它已经导致成立了一家初创的纳米技术公司。 该计划还将教育新一代的科学家和工程师关于软材料;这些学生将增加国家的技术基础设施。* 技术摘要 * 该个人研究者奖支持软材料实验，以阐明传统现象，如熔化，扩散和使用非传统材料和观测工具的自组装。 该研究还将创造和理解各种新型“超复杂流体”的行为，即由一种以上软材料组成的复杂流体。该项目包括三组实验：1）温度敏感聚合物将用于诱导新的相行为，并能够在一系列复杂流体中原位观察相变动力学和缩放。本研究的重点将放在熔化，冻结，固-固相变，和堵塞的温度敏感的感胶胶体。 2)将研究各向同性和各向异性介晶（例如球形和椭球形颗粒）在不寻常的背景溶剂（如无水液体和二维界面）中的扩散和结构。3)将研究通过在各种软材料中混合单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）而产生的新的复杂流体材料和现象。 初步研究已经确定了大量复杂流体（例如表面活性剂溶液、凝胶、环氧树脂），其性质（例如流变性、电气性）通过添加单壁碳纳米管而发生显着变化。 这个系统类的调查将从一个基本的观点。此外，将确定新的方法来操纵纳米管。 参与这些研究项目的学生将学习技能，这将增加国家的技术基础设施。