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SGER: Effects of Strong Hurricanes on Genetic Diversity in Three Species of West Indian Phllostomid Bats

SGER：强飓风对三种西印度毛口蝙蝠遗传多样性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
0505866
负责人：
Theodore Fleming
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Miami
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-02-15 至 2007-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0505866&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SGER Effects Strong Hurricanes Genetic

项目摘要

Strong hurricanes are known to reduce population sizes of birds and bats on oceanic islands. Currently unknown, however, is whether these population losses include a loss of genetic diversity in island populations. This study will document the genetic effects of three strong Caribbean hurricanes in September 2004 on populations of three species of West Indian bats. Its basic hypothesis is that strong hurricanes reduce genetic diversity in bat populations and that plant-visiting species will suffer more than insectivorous species. Modern DNA techniques involving both mitochondrial and nuclear genes will be used to document and compare genetic diversity in pre- and post-hurricane samples from two species on Grand Cayman, which was devastated by Hurricane Ivan, and one species on Grand Bahama, which was damaged by Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne. Pre- and post-hurricane genetic samples from two of these species on Exuma, Bahamas, will be used as a control for storm effects; Exuma was not damaged significantly by Frances and Jeanne. This study will be the first to explicitly document the genetic consequences of strong storms on island vertebrates. Loss of genetic diversity as a result of hurricanes reduces the evolutionary potential of island species and puts them at substantial risk of extinction. Loss of plant-visiting bats on islands, in turn, could cause reduced plant reproductive success via reduced pollination and seed dispersal. Loss of insect-eating bats could lead to increased insect pest problems on islands.

众所周知，强烈的飓风会减少海洋岛屿上鸟类和蝙蝠的数量。然而，目前尚不清楚这些人口损失是否包括岛屿人口遗传多样性的损失。这项研究将记录2004年9月三次强烈的加勒比飓风对三种西印度蝙蝠种群的遗传影响。它的基本假设是，强烈的飓风减少了蝙蝠种群的遗传多样性，而访植物的物种将比食虫物种遭受更大的损失。涉及线粒体和核基因的现代DNA技术将用于记录和比较飓风前后样本的遗传多样性，这些样本来自大开曼岛上的两个物种，该物种被飓风伊万摧毁，大巴哈马岛上的一个物种被飓风弗朗西斯和珍妮破坏。巴哈马埃克苏马的两个物种在飓风前和飓风后的遗传样本将被用作风暴影响的对照;埃克苏马没有受到弗朗西斯和珍妮的严重破坏。这项研究将是第一个明确记录强风暴对岛屿脊椎动物遗传后果的研究。飓风造成的遗传多样性丧失降低了岛屿物种的进化潜力，并使它们面临灭绝的巨大风险。反过来，岛屿上访问植物的蝙蝠的减少可能会通过减少授粉和种子传播而导致植物繁殖成功率降低。食虫蝙蝠的消失可能会导致岛屿上虫害问题的增加。