Dissertation Research: The Phylogeny and Biogeography of Linum (flax)

论文研究：亚麻（亚麻）的系统发育和生物地理学

• 批准号: 0508802
• 负责人: Beryl Simpson
• 金额: $ 1.14万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-15 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0508802&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Phylogeny; Biogeography; Linum

The focus of this research is on the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of the flax genus, Linum. In addition to the economically important cultivated flax, Linum usitatissimum, there are nearly 200 flax species distributed throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. While approximately half of these species are confined to Eurasia, a lineage of yellow-flowered flaxes is distributed throughout Europe, Southern Africa, and the Americas. The evolutionary relationships among 140 species of Linum, representing the lineages that have colonized and diversified in these areas, will be determined through analysis of DNA sequences. The pattern of relationships among species on different continents will be used to assess the importance of historical events such as continental drift, migration, and long-distance dispersal in the evolutionary history of Linum. The phylogeny will also test the hypothesis that the transition to self-compatible mating systems had a role in the ability of the yellow-flowered flaxes to colonize Southern Africa and the Americas, while the largely self-incomapatible blue-flowered species essentially remain confined to Eurasia. Flax has been cultivated for thousands of years as a source of fibers and linseed oil. A phylogeny of Linum will provide a guide for future crop improvement and for the systematic search for additional useful compounds from flaxes. Finally, this work will provide a resolution of the structure and history of portion of the Tree of Life, increasing our understanding of the origins of the Earth's current biodiversity and the relationship of the North American flora to those of South America, Africa, and Eurasia.

本研究的重点是亚麻属植物的进化历史。 除了经济上重要的栽培亚麻（Linum usitatissimum）外，还有近200种亚麻分布在世界各地的温带和亚热带地区。 虽然这些物种中约有一半仅限于欧亚大陆，但黄花亚麻的血统分布在整个欧洲，南部非洲和美洲。 亚麻属的140个物种之间的进化关系，代表了在这些地区殖民和多样化的谱系，将通过DNA序列分析来确定。 不同大陆物种之间的关系模式将被用来评估历史事件的重要性，如大陆漂移，迁移和长距离传播亚麻的进化史。 该研究还将检验一个假设，即向自交不亲和交配系统的过渡对黄花亚麻殖民南部非洲和美洲的能力起了作用，而基本上不能自交的蓝花物种基本上仍然局限于欧亚大陆。亚麻作为纤维和亚麻籽油的来源已经种植了数千年。亚麻属植物的遗传学将为今后的作物改良和从亚麻中系统地寻找其他有用的化合物提供指导。 最后，这项工作将提供一个解决方案的结构和历史的一部分，生命之树，增加我们对地球的当前生物多样性的起源和北美植物群的关系，南美洲，非洲和欧亚大陆的理解。