Liquefaction Mitigation Using Entrapped Air

摘要在世界范围内，几乎每一次中、大地震都发生过饱和松散砂土液化事件。 地基土液化对工程结构的破坏哈斯是巨大的和毁灭性的。 减轻液化引起的新的损害，更重要的是，在城市社区现有的结构仍然是一个重大的challenge.The拟议的研究的主要目标是调查的科学和技术的可行性，利用液化敏感性砂滞留空气，以减轻潜在的地震引起的损害。 该研究将侧重于深入实验和分析了解引入少量空气对地震激励下易液化砂行为的有益影响。 该研究计划有一些具体的目标，包括：1。开发一个独特的实验装置，将先进的传感技术，包括雷达和弯曲元件与使用电解产生气体，与振动台设施，允许饱和和空气截留砂的循环和地震测试。2.对砂-水-气混合物在地震激发下的行为有了基本的认识.证明滞留空气可以显著降低砂土的液化潜力，并有望成为具有成本效益且易于应用的液化缓解措施。4.确定必须进行实地研究的重要领域，以推进工程实践中采用的拟议缓解措施。这项研究计划和振动台设施将用于提高城市社区对自然灾害，特别是地震的潜在破坏性影响的认识。 研究计划的一个组成部分是接触高中学生，并展示工程师在减灾中发挥的关键作用。 外联活动的目标是帮助改善我们社区的备灾能力，并吸引聪明的学生，特别是妇女和少数民族，进入工程领域。

AbstractIncidents of liquefaction of loose saturated sands have been observed in almost every past moderate to large size earthquakes worldwide. Damage to engineered structures due to foundation soil liquefaction haas been dramatic and devastating. Mitigating liquefaction-induced damage to new and, more importantly, to existing structures in urban communities remains a major challenge.The primary objective of the proposed research is to investigate the scientific and technical feasibility of using entrapped air in liquefaction susceptible sands to mitigate potential earthquake-induced damages. The research will focus on developing an in-depth experimental and analytical understanding of the beneficial effect of introducing small amounts of air on the behavior of liquefaction susceptible sands under seismic excitations. This research program has a number of specific objectives that include: 1. Developing a unique experimental set-up that will integrate advanced sensing technologies including radar and bender elements with generation of gases using electrolysis, with a shaking table facility to permit cyclic and earthquake testing of saturated and air-entrapped sands.2. Developing a fundamental understanding of the behavior of sand-water-gas mixtures subjected to seismic excitations.3. Demonstrating that entrapped air can significantly reduce the liquefaction potential of sands, and holds promise as a cost-effective and readily applicable liquefaction mitigation measure. 4. Identifying the important areas of field research that must be conducted to advance the proposed mitigation measure for adoption in engineering practice. This research program and the shaking table facility will be utilized to enhance the awareness of urban communities to the potential devastating effects of natural disasters, in particular of earthquakes. A component of the research program is to reach out to high school students and to demonstrate the crucial role that engineers play in disaster mitigation. The goal of the outreach activities is to help improve disaster preparedness of our communities, and to attract bright students, especially women and minorities, into the field of engineering.