Physical Aspects of Magma Degassing - An Accomplishment-Based Renewal

岩浆脱气的物理方面 - 基于成就的更新

• 批准号: 0510437
• 负责人: Katharine Cashman
• 金额: $ 23.02万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0510437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physical; Aspects; Magma; Degassing; Accomplishment

This is an accomplishment-based renewal of a project designed to study how volatile species, such as H2O and CO2, can play a fundamental role in determining the explosivity of volcanic eruptions. Chemical aspects of magmatic degassing are well constrained from studies of dissolved volatiles in melts and gas emissions from volcanic systems. Recent experiments have also improved our understanding of the way the bubbles nucleate and grow as volatile-rich magma rises toward the surface. Still scarce, however, are studies that link chemical and physical processes related to the movement of volatile phases through subvolcanic systems. In this renewal, Cashman will address this problem by (1) extending recent work to examine physical movement of gases through volcanic systems using chemical signatures, (2) developing new techniques to quantify the structure of porous volcanic rocks, (3) relate the structure of porous samples to permeable flow characteristics, and (4) combine the structural and chemical data to trace the migration of volatiles (gases) through volcanic systems. This work will improve both our basic understanding of volcanic processes and our interpretation of volcano monitoring data. A specific application will be the ongoing eruption of Mount St. Helens, WA.

这是一个基于实验的项目，旨在研究挥发性物质，如H2O和CO2，如何在确定火山爆发的爆炸性方面发挥根本作用。 岩浆脱气的化学方面受到熔体中溶解挥发物和火山系统气体排放研究的很好限制。 最近的实验也提高了我们对气泡成核和成长方式的理解，因为富含挥发性的岩浆上升到表面。然而，仍然很少有研究将化学和物理过程与挥发相通过次火山系统的运动联系起来。 在这次更新中，Cashman将通过以下方式解决这个问题：（1）扩展最近的工作，使用化学特征来检查火山系统中气体的物理运动，（2）开发新技术来量化多孔火山岩的结构，（3）将多孔样品的结构与渗透流特性联系起来，（4）联合收割机结合构造和化学资料追踪挥发分（气体）在火山系统中的运移。 这项工作将改善我们对火山过程的基本了解和对火山监测数据的解释。 一个具体的应用将是正在进行的火山喷发圣海伦斯，华盛顿州。