A New Look at Violent Strombolian Eruptions - Past Behavior and Future Potential

对暴力斯特龙博利火山喷发的新看法——过去的行为和未来的潜力

• 批准号: 0510493
• 负责人: Katharine Cashman
• 金额: $ 32.99万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0510493&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Look; Violent; Strombolian; Eruptions

"Violent strombolian" eruptions (VS), characterized by voluminous ash production and extensive basaltic lava flows, are a common form of volcanic activity in subduction zone environments. However, this activity has received scant recent attention from the volcanological community, in part because these eruptions do not fit neatly into existing classification schemes. To provide a more comprehensive physical understanding of VS eruptions, Profs. Cashman and Wallace (University of Oregon) will collaborate with Prof. Rosi (University of Pisa) and Prof. Delgado (UNAM, Mexico) to conduct a comparative and multi-disciplinary investigation of deposits produced by well-described violent strombolian eruptions of Paricutin (1943, Mexico) and Vesuvius (1906, Italy). Important issues to be addressed include the role of magmatic volatiles in generating violent strombolian eruptions, mechanisms of ash generation, rapid transitions in eruption styles, and the characteristic relationship between explosive and effusive (lava flow) activity. The broader impacts of this study relate to hazard assessment, as the high ash content and large dispersal range generated by violent strombolian explosions may cause severe economic disruption through problems of ash disposal and extensive disruption of air traffic, as illustrated by recent violent strombolian activity at Mt. Etna, Italy. Because of the potential for this type of activity in many parts of the world, the PIs have designed the educational component of the proposed work to include American, Mexican and Italian students, who will be involved with hazard assessment in addition to basic research.

以产生大量火山灰和广泛的玄武岩熔岩流为特征的“猛烈的斯特龙博勒”喷发(VS)是俯冲带环境中火山活动的一种常见形式。然而，这一活动最近很少受到火山学界的关注，部分原因是这些喷发并不完全符合现有的分类方案。为了提供对VS喷发的更全面的物理理解，教授。Cashman和Wallace(俄勒冈大学)将与比萨大学的Rosi教授和墨西哥的UNAM Delgado教授合作，对著名的帕里库廷(Paricutin)(1943年，墨西哥)和维苏威火山(Vesuvius，1906年)猛烈喷发所产生的矿床进行比较和多学科调查。需要解决的重要问题包括岩浆挥发物在产生猛烈的闪光火山喷发中的作用、火山灰产生的机制、喷发方式的快速转变以及爆炸和喷流(熔岩流)活动之间的特征关系。这项研究的更广泛影响与危险评估有关，因为猛烈的闪电爆炸产生的高火山灰含量和大扩散范围可能会造成严重的经济破坏，因为火山灰处理问题和空中交通的广泛干扰，正如最近在Mt.埃特纳，意大利。由于这种类型的活动在世界许多地区都有可能，私人投资机构设计了拟议工作的教育部分，将美国、墨西哥和意大利的学生包括在内，他们除了参与基础研究外，还将参与危险评估。