Thermal and Rheological Controls on the Emplacement of Basaltic Lava Flows

玄武岩熔岩流侵位的热学和流变学控制

• 批准号: 0207919
• 负责人: Katharine Cashman
• 金额: $ 24.09万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0207919&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Thermal; Rheological; Controls; Emplacement; Basaltic

Thermal and Rheological Controls on the Emplacement of Basaltic Lava FlowsEAR-0207919PIs: Cashman & KauahikauaThis is a renewal proposal that follows directly in theme and approach to the previous award. Recent studies of active pahoehoe and `a`a flows in Hawai`i, including those by the PIs, have shown that the explicit link between flow morphology and emplacement involves the relative rates of cooling, crystallization, and flow advance. Critical are conditions of lava transport from the vent to the flow front. Field observations of flow surface morphologies have led to rheological studies on yield strength development in crystal-liquid suspensions. Novel experiments using PEG wax suggest that solidification in uniform channelized flows may be described by a single dimensionless parameter and channel aspect ratio. Non-uniformities such as channel divergences, constrictions, and sinuosity also may stabilize or disrupt surface crust. Results from the previous award illustrate the success of these approaches. The current award will use high resolution satellite remote sensing to map basaltic flows, complete additional analog experiments to better define important material parameters and flow controls, and compare model predictions with detailed field observations of flows. This renewal award continues support for the collaboration between Cashman (Univ. of Oregon), Kauahikaua (U.S.G.S., Hawaiian Volcano Observatory), and Griffiths & Kerr (Australian National University). The research team brings together expertise on the field mapping and interpretation of Hawaiian lava flows and expertise on fluid mechanical analysis of solidifying flows.

对玄武岩熔岩流安置的热学和流变控制EAR-0207919PI：Cashman 和 Kauahikaua 这是一项更新提案，其主题和方法直接遵循上一奖项。 最近对夏威夷活跃的帕霍霍和“a”流的研究，包括 PI 的研究，表明流形态和就位之间的明确联系涉及冷却、结晶和流动推进的相对速率。至关重要的是熔岩从喷口到流动前沿的运输条件。流动表面形态的现场观察导致了晶体液体悬浮液中屈服强度发展的流变学研究。使用 PEG 蜡的新颖实验表明，均匀通道化流中的凝固可以通过单个无量纲参数和通道纵横比来描述。河道发散、收缩和蜿蜒等不均匀性也可能稳定或破坏地壳表面。上一奖项的结果说明了这些方法的成功。目前的奖项将使用高分辨率卫星遥感来绘制玄武岩流图，完成额外的模拟实验以更好地定义重要的材料参数和流动控制，并将模型预测与详细的流动现场观测进行比较。 该续签奖项继续支持 Cashman（俄勒冈大学）、Kauahikaua（U.S.G.S、夏威夷火山观测站）和 Griffiths & Kerr（澳大利亚国立大学）之间的合作。 研究团队汇集了夏威夷熔岩流现场测绘和解释方面的专业知识以及凝固流流体力学分析方面的专业知识。