Crystallization and Vesiculation of Hawaiian Basalts

P.I.S提出了一系列关于毛纳罗亚玄武岩成分的结晶实验，目的是(1)量化1984年毛纳罗亚玄武岩中所有相的岩浆过冷、冷却速度和结晶速度之间的关系，(2)重复对更多镁成分的实验，(3)扩大实验以包括温度的变化，以及(4)校准玻璃地温计以测量毛纳罗亚玄武岩的成分。除了这些实验，还将对1984年莫纳罗亚火山喷发期间收集的一系列接近喷口的样本进行详细的质地研究。最后，P.I.S提出了一项关于夏威夷玄武岩近地表气泡作用的相关研究，使用了当前基拉韦厄火山喷发的样品来(1)确定熔岩的脱气速率，(2)研究气泡合并的机制，(3)记录侵位后对原始气泡尺寸分布的修改，以及(4)使用火喷泉事件浮质产物的质地测量来约束所提出的火喷泉形成模型。通过结合对实验和有充分记录的自然样品的纹理和化学研究，我们可以极大地促进我们对夏威夷玄武岩中这些过程的理解。

The P.I.s propose a series of crystallization experiments on Mauna Loa basalt compositions with the goals of (1) quantifying relationships between magmatic undercooling, cooling rate and crystallization rates of all phases in 1984 Mauna Loa basalt, (2) repeating the experiments on a more magnesian composition, (3) extending the experiments to include variations in temperature, and (4) calibrating a glass geothermometer for Mauna Loa basalt compositions. These experiments will be complemented by a detailed textural study of a series of near-vent samples collected during the 1984 eruption of Mauna Loa. Finally, the P.I.s propose a related study on near-surface vesiculation in Hawaiian basalt using samples from the current eruption of Kilauea Volcano to (1) determine rates of lava degassing, (2) study mechanisms of bubble coalescence, (3) document post-emplacement modifications to original bubble size distributions, and (4) use textural measurements of pumiceous products of fire fountaining episodes to constrain proposed models of fire fountain formation. By combining textural and chemical studies of experimental and well- documented natural samples we can substantially advance our understanding of these processes in Hawaiian basalts.