Chip-Scale Integrated Nanofluidics/Affinity Microcolumn Biosensors

生化战剂的检测是一个持续的挑战。足以对人类造成伤害的生化武器数量非常小，需要特殊的灵敏度;通常，快速识别和补救是必要的;需要广泛分散的廉价传感器来监测大面积的代理;也许最令人担忧的是，可能的代理的种类几乎是无限的。随着生物合成能力的进步，新型生化武器制剂的制造不再仅仅是一个民族国家的事业。这一发展需要一种新的监测方法。为了满足灵敏度和区域分布要求，需要芯片级技术，对各种试剂类别敏感，仅需要非常小的体积（皮升），并具有完整的预浓缩过程。这项工作的广泛目标是建立基本的理解和必要的技术方法，以实现高密度阵列的纳米通道作为芯片级生物检测系统的通用，灵敏和选择性的组件，这将允许响应各种生化武器代理。纳米流体分离和检测（提供皮升灵敏度）和智能功能化受体珠微柱（提供预浓缩和选择性）。技术汇集在一起。对复杂流体在纳米尺度上传输的物理现象的基本理解是发展新一代生物分离技术的先决条件。从这一努力中将出现的一个关键的使能技术是开发用于创建集成流体回路的廉价、容易和可制造的手段，该集成流体回路允许从宏观流体处理（例如，该计划将支持两名学生和一名博士后重新研究。UNM是一个西班牙裔服务机构，拥有大量的西班牙裔和美洲原住民学生;非常积极的招聘和保留工作已经在调查人员的实验室进行。

ABSTRACTNSF-0515684Brueck, StevenDetection of chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents is a con-tinuing challenge. The amounts of CBW agent sufficient to cause harm to humans are very small, requiring exceptional sensitivity; often, rapid identification and remediation is necessary; widely dispersed, inexpensive sensors are required to monitor large areas for agents; and, perhaps the most worrisome, the variety of possible agents is virtually unbounded. With advances in biological synthesis capabilities, creation of new CBW agents is no longer exclusively a nation-state enterprise.This development demands a new approach to monitoring. In order to meet the sensitivity and areal distribution requirements, a chip-scale technology, sensitive to a variety of agent classes, requiring only very small (picoliter) volumes and with integral preconcentration processes is required. The broad goal of this work is to establish the basic understanding andthe technological methodologies necessary to implement high-density arrays of nanoscale channels as versatile, sensitive and selective components for chip-scale biodetection systems that will allow response to a wide variety of CBW agents. Nanofluidic separation and detection (providing the picoliter sensitivity) and smart, functionalized receptor bead microcolumns (providing the preconcentration and selectivity). Technologies are brought together. A fundamental understanding of the physical phenomena involved in nanoscale transport of complex fluids is a prerequisite for the development of the new generation of bio-separationtechnologies. A key enabling technology that will emerge from this effort is the development of inexpensive, facile and manufacturable means for creating integrated fluidic circuits that allow the transition from macroscopic fluid handling (e.g., pipettes) to nanoscale dimensions.This program will support two students and one postdoctoral re-searcher. UNM is a Hispanic Serving Institution with large populations of Hispanic and Native American students;very active recruitment and retention efforts are already underway in the labs of the investigators.