Regulatory Mechanisms in Oxidative Stress via the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Complex Translation Elongation Factor eEF1B-alpha-gamma

通过鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换复合物翻译延伸因子 eEF1B-alpha-gamma 调节氧化应激的机制

• 批准号: 0516688
• 负责人: Terri Kinzy
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey-RBHS-Robert Wood
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0516688&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regulatory; Mechanisms; Oxidative; Stress; via

During a cell or organism's lifetime, multiple stresses such as temperature, drugs, viral infections, and chemicals are encountered. The onset of these stresses can be rapid and cause damage or even death. In order to survive and prevent damage, cells and organisms must be prepared to respond. Recent evidence has shown that changes in which proteins are produced helps the cells mount a response to certain stresses such as viral infections, amino acid starvation, osmotic stress and heat shock. Specifically, a component of the protein synthesis machinery, the eEF1B-alpha-gamma protein complex, has been determined to play a crucial role in responding to stress caused by oxidants, such as cadmium and hydrogen peroxide. Utilizing a eukaryotic model system, the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the project focuses on the hypothesis that the eEF1B-alpha-gamma protein complex plays an important role in sensing and responding to oxidative stress. This can occur by altering the activity or composition of the eEF1B-alpha-gamma protein complex and the resulting specific production of proteins responsible for preventing the damage caused by chemicals and oxidants. This project uses genetic approaches to identify how the eEF1B-alpha-gamma proteins respond to and are affected by stress. Genome wide approaches are integrated to determine which cellular proteins are produced in response to the eEF1B-alpha-gamma signal following stress.This project provides research opportunities for students at differing stages in their educational careers including high school, undergraduate and graduate students. Undergraduates are prepared for research through a molecular biology and biochemistry laboratory course and the work-study program provides an initial gateway to research laboratories. The peer tutoring program, a part of the interdisciplinary graduate program, allows graduate students to further develop their teaching skills as well as receive support to enhance their retention and success in the program. K-12 outreach activities are important not only in helping the public to become more scientifically literate, but also in providing an opportunity for young scientists to explore beyond the regular science curriculum.

在细胞或生物体的一生中，会遇到多种压力，如温度，药物，病毒感染和化学物质。 这些压力的发作可能很快，并造成损害甚至死亡。 为了生存和防止损害，细胞和生物体必须准备好做出反应。 最近的证据表明，蛋白质产生的变化有助于细胞对某些应激反应，如病毒感染，氨基酸饥饿，渗透压应激和热休克。 具体来说，蛋白质合成机制的一个组成部分，eEF 1B-alpha-gamma蛋白复合物，已被确定在应对氧化剂（如镉和过氧化氢）引起的应激中发挥关键作用。利用真核模型系统，面包酵母酿酒酵母，该项目的重点是假设eEF 1B-α-γ蛋白复合物在传感和响应氧化应激中起着重要作用。 这可以通过改变eEF 1B-alpha-gamma蛋白复合物的活性或组成以及负责防止由化学品和氧化剂引起的损伤的蛋白质的产生而发生。该项目使用遗传方法来确定eEF 1B-alpha-gamma蛋白如何响应压力并受到压力的影响。 全基因组的方法被整合，以确定哪些细胞蛋白质的产生响应eEF 1B-alpha-gamma信号后的压力。该项目提供了研究机会，为学生在不同阶段的教育生涯，包括高中，本科和研究生。 本科生通过分子生物学和生物化学实验室课程为研究做好准备，半工半读课程提供了进入研究实验室的初始途径。 同侪辅导计划，跨学科研究生课程的一部分，使研究生能够进一步发展他们的教学技能，以及获得支持，以提高他们的保留和成功的程序。 K-12外联活动不仅在帮助公众提高科学素养方面很重要，而且还为年轻科学家提供了一个探索常规科学课程之外的机会。