Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant: The President's Agenda: Position-Taking, Legislative Support, and the Persistence of Time

总统的议程和国会对总统计划的支持是美国公共政策和选举政治的关键驱动因素。本论文资助项目提出了一系列研究，以考察总统与美国众议院之间的关系。本研究从分析总统的立场开始，讨论了审查正常立法程序的结构，该程序说明了对总统计划的立法支持、总统的否决以及对这些否决的立法推翻。该研究提供了一个项目，考察以总统和立法为中心的变量在何种条件下影响总统的立场、对总统的立法支持以及总统对众议院投票的否决/立法推翻。该项目还介绍了政治和政权时间作为关键变量的概念，这些变量既限制又增强了更传统的以总统和立法为中心的总统-立法关系预测因素的影响。这个项目的智力价值在方法论和理论上都有体现。该研究计划建议收集一个大型数据集，其中包括美国众议院超过3300张选票，其中包括总统和众议院在众议院投票前可能采取的每一项行动。该研究特别涉及使用数据集来评估总统职位采取的条件，对这些职位的立法支持以及总统否决/立法推翻行动的发生。研究表明，仔细收集的数据集将允许分析总统立法关系中的每个离散阶段，从而有可能分析总统和立法活动对众议院投票的嵌套模型。该项目建议使用横截面时间序列分析- probit， logit，或嵌套logit非线性，参数模型-来检查国会和总统之间的关系。更广泛的价值：该研究可以加深对总统如何影响美国众议院议员行为的理解。

The president's agenda and Congress's support for the president's programs are key drivers in American public policy and electoral politics. This dissertation grant project suggests a stream of research to examine the relationship between the president and the US House of Representatives. Beginning with an analysis of presidential position taking, the research discusses the structure for examining the normal legislative process that accounts for legislative support for the president's program, presidential vetoes, and legislative overrides of those vetoes. The research offers a program that examines the conditions under which presidency- and legislative-centered variables affect presidential position taking, legislative support for the president, and presidential veto/legislative overrides on votes before the US House of Representatives. The project also introduces the concepts of political and regime time as critical variables that both constrain and augment the effects of more traditional president- and legislative-centered predictors of presidential-legislative relations. The intellectual merits of the project are both methodological and theoretical. The research program proposes collecting a large data set-over 3,300 votes in the US House of Representatives-that incorporates each of the possible actions the president and House of Representatives take on votes before the House. The research specifically addresses using the data set to assess the conditions under which presidential position taking, legislative support for those positions, and presidential veto/legislative override actions occur. The research suggests that a carefully collected data set will allow analyses of each discrete stage in the presidential legislative relationship, making possible analysis of nested models of presidential and legislative activity on House votes. The project proposes using cross sectional time series analysis-with probit, logit, or nested logit non-linear, parametric models-to examine the relationship between Congress and the president.Broader value: the study can enhance understanding of how presidents influence the behaviors of US House members.