NSWP: Collaborative Analyses of the Formation, Activation and Long-term Slow Rise of Filaments as Precursors to Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

这项合作的观测和理论研究建议重点关注太阳细丝的形成、激活和在其爆发之前作为日冕物质抛射(CME)的长期缓慢上升。这个由来自五个机构的六名科学家组成的团队将使用地面望远镜(NSO的ISOON、DST、Solis以及Helio Research和瑞典的太阳望远镜)和星载仪器(SOHO的EIT、MDI、LASCO)的高分辨率和中分辨率数据，并结合理论分析。PI和她的团队将：(1)模拟磁场重联在细丝及其亚结构形成中所起的作用，称为“倒钩”；(2)研究细丝精细结构与色球结构和光球层磁场的关系，以确定以最高空间分辨率(0.5-0.15弧秒)流入和流出细丝主体的质量流；(3)模拟细丝及其倒钩经历局部或全身加速质量运动(称为“激活”)的方式，以及当在各种条件下不稳定时，倒钩如何脱离色球；(4)分析现有的多波长Ha多普勒数据，以揭示在细丝激活和细丝爆发的早期阶段发生的运动类型；以及(5)研究细丝的长期缓慢上升作为其失稳和爆发的早期指标。这些理论和观测研究的一个中心主题是长期忽视的倒钩在细丝的形成、演化、激活和爆发中的作用。PI还将扩展早期的初步研究，这些研究表明，在细丝喷发前几天，它们的整体高度和质量运动速度都出现了系统性和零星的增加。作为更广泛影响的一部分，新观察的建模、分析和获取将涉及至少一名博士后和至少六名本科生。

This collaborative observational and theoretical research proposal focuses on the formation, activation, and the long-term slow ascent of solar filaments prior to their eruption as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). This team of six scientists from five institutions will use high- and medium-resolution data from ground-based telescopes (NSO's ISOON, DST, SOLIS, as well as Helio Research and the Swedish Solar telescopes) and space-borne instruments (SOHO's EIT, MDI, LASCO) in combination with theoretical analysis. The PI and her team will: (1) model the role of magnetic reconnection in the formation of filaments and their substructures known as "barbs;" (2) study the relationships of filament fine-structure to chromospheric structure and photospheric magnetic fields, in order to identify mass flows into and out of the main body of filaments at the highest available spatial resolution (0.5-0.15 arc sec); (3) model the ways that filaments and their barbs can experience local or full body accelerated mass motions (called "activations") and how the barbs detach from the chromosphere when destabilized under various conditions; (4) analyze existing sets of multi-wavelength Ha Doppler data to reveal the types of motions that occur during filament activations and the early stages of filament eruption; and (5) study the long-term slow rise of filaments as an early indicator of their destabilization and eruption.A central theme for both of these theoretical and observational investigations is the long overlooked roles of barbs in the formation, evolution, activation, and eruption of filaments. The PI will also extend earlier preliminary studies indicating that filaments exhibit both systematic and sporadic increases in their overall height and in the velocities of their mass motions during several days preceding filament eruption. As part of the broader impacts, the modeling, analyses, and acquisition of new observations will involve at least one postdoc and at least six undergraduate students.