University-Based Detector Research and Development for the International Linear Collider

在千禧年之初，世界粒子物理学家达成共识，认为国际直线对撞机（ILC）应该成为高能物理的下一个主要设施。从那时起，加速器的候选技术被开发出来，全球社会已经同意使用的技术，一个协调完成设计的全球中心正在形成。实现国际法委员会的设想在技术上和及时性上都将是一个巨大的挑战。技术上的挑战既存在于探测器领域，也存在于加速器领域，并且源于对高亮度和高精度测量的需求。及时性的挑战在于，如果要实现两种方法在能量前沿的充分协同作用，就需要与大型强子对撞机（LHC）有很大的重叠。ILC的探测器极具挑战性。这一点并不总是得到充分的重视。虽然大型强子对撞机实验需要许多探测器技术的进步，但大型强子对撞机实验必须解决不同的挑战。为了应对这些技术挑战，需要在未来几年内开发探测器的概念设计。这项建议力求朝着这一目标迈出重要的一步。它包括由许多不同的大学团体和实验室开展的一些项目。这些项目涉及探测器需求的关键方面，包括为所有探测器子系统开发重要技术和评估它们所需的软件。国际组织现在正在围绕几个探测器概念进行联合，大多数项目直接适用于其中的一个或多个。美国调查人员与其海外同事之间保持密切沟通，这对国际刑事法庭至关重要。这个项目的科学影响将超越ILC。探测器的研发将导致许多技术前沿的进步。在线性对撞机的低辐射环境中进行精确测量的探测器技术将在高能物理的其他领域以及其他领域得到应用。这些合作团体在向本科生和K-12学生和教师拓展服务方面有着悠久的历史。这项建议所支持的工作将纳入这些外联工作。

At the start of the millenium, the world's particle physicists arrived at a consensus that an International Linear Collider (ILC) should be the next major facility for high energy physics. Since then, candidate technologies for the accelerator were developed, the global community has agreed on the technology to be used and a global center to coordinate the completion of the design is now forming. Realizing the vision of the ILC will be a great challenge both technically and in timeliness. The technical challenges lie in both detector and accelerator areas and derive from the need for high luminosity and high precision of measurement. The timeliness challenge lies in the need to have significant overlap with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) if the full synergy of the two approaches to the energy frontier is to be achieved. The detectors for the ILC are highly challenging. This is not always fully appreciated. While many advances in detector technology were required for the LHC experiments, different challenges must be addressed for the ILC experiments. To meet these technical challenges will require the development of conceptual designs for the detectors in the next few years.This proposal seeks to take an important step towards that goal. It includes a number of projects to be carried out by many diverse university groups and laboratories. The projects address key aspects of the detector requirements, including the development of important technologies for all the detector subsystems and the software needed to evaluate them. International groups are now coalescing around several detector concepts, and most of the projects are directly applicable to one or more of these. As is essential for the ILC, there is close communication between the US investigators and their colleagues abroad.This program will have scientific impact beyond the ILC. The detector R&D will lead to advances in a number of technical fronts. Detector technologies optimized to perform precision measurements in the low-radiation environment of a linear collider will have applications in other areas of high energy physics, as well as in other fields. The collaborating groups have a strong history of outreach to undergraduates and K-12 students and teachers. The work supported by this proposal will be integrated into these outreach efforts.