SGER: Tsunami Effects on the Distribution of Aquatic Insects Adjacent to the Andaman Sea Coastline in Thailand

SGER：海啸对泰国安达曼海海岸线附近水生昆虫分布的影响

• 批准号: 0531513
• 负责人: Robert Sites
• 金额: $ 14.28万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0531513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Tsunami; Effects; Distribution; Aquatic

Along the Thai coastline, the wave surge of the tsunami reached a maximum elevation ofapproximately 11 meters. Thus, the distance inland that surface seawater infiltrated wasdependent on the topographic contour of the land and the wave height at a particular location,although it was reported to reach as far as 5 km inland. The force of the surge in Thailand wasdevastating to the point that tens of thousands of humans were killed, whereas the effect on nonhumanbiota remains largely unreported. Because of their unique habitat association, the lentic (standing water) insect community is particularly vulnerable to the effects of a tsunami. Their habitat is best thought of as an island of freshwater in a terrestrial sea. These organisms are obligately associated with freshwater, thus,even if they survived the physical disturbance of the tsunami, their ability to locate and occupy an appropriate freshwater habitat following the recession of seawater would be nil. Further, the post-tsunami environment in the ponds is undoubtedly contaminated with seawater, which is uninhabitable by this community. Thus, to a large extent, this fauna in the zone of seawater surface influx likely will have been extirpated, at least temporarily. The research will assess the diversity of insects in these environments prior and through the rainy season of two years and report on the changes that occur in the ponds for insect diversity. Because the condition of these bodies of water is unknown and the effects of tsunamis onfreshwater systems has never been documented, this proposed research is clearly exploratory. Tsunami events in the Indian Ocean are exceedingly uncommon, even more so than elsewhere in the world, and this represents an equally uncommon opportunity to study its effects on a biota whose pre-tsunami condition islargely known..

沿着泰国海岸线，海啸的波浪最高达到约11米。因此，地表海水渗入内陆的距离取决于陆地的地形轮廓和特定地点的波高，尽管据报告最远可到达内陆5公里。在泰国的激增力量是毁灭性的，成千上万的人被杀，而对非人类生物群的影响在很大程度上仍然没有报道。由于它们独特的栖息地关系，静水昆虫群落特别容易受到海啸的影响。它们的栖息地最好被认为是陆地海洋中的一个淡水岛。这些生物必然与淡水联系在一起，因此，即使它们在海啸的物理扰动中幸存下来，在海水消退后，它们也没有能力找到并占据适当的淡水栖息地。此外，海啸后池塘的环境无疑受到海水污染，这是不适合这个社区居住的。因此，在很大程度上，这种动物在海水表面流入区可能已经灭绝，至少暂时。这项研究将评估这些环境中昆虫的多样性之前，并通过两年的雨季，并报告发生在池塘昆虫多样性的变化。由于这些水体的状况是未知的，海啸对淡水系统的影响从未被记录在案，因此这项拟议中的研究显然是探索性的。印度洋的海啸事件是非常罕见的，甚至比世界其他地方更罕见，这代表了一个同样罕见的机会来研究它对生物群的影响，其海啸前的条件在很大程度上是已知的。