NSF Workshop: Tsunami Deposits and their Role in Hazard Assessment, June 2005

这次讲习班将汇集海啸研究领域的国际领导人和新兴领导人。专家们将讨论如何利用海啸造成的海岸侵蚀和沉积模式来更好地了解海啸的危害。最近发生的苏门答腊-安达曼地震及其引发的海啸凸显了这些议题的重要性。讲习班的预期成果包括向国家科学基金会提出关于海啸研究优先事项的建议、国家科学基金会的初步合作提案以及将分发给决策者的结论摘要。海啸经常发生在世界的海洋中，在人类和地质时间尺度上都是如此。大多数海啸是由海底断层位移引起的；还有一些是由海底滑坡、火山爆发或陨石撞击引起的。自从地质学家开始利用陆上沉积物来确定有海啸风险的地区以来，仅仅过去了20年。这项工作产生了惊人的发现，特别是与美国西北部事件的频率有关。海啸沉积物作为水流深度和流速记录仪具有巨大的潜力——这些参数对海岸工程师来说是重要的。在这一前沿工作的有地质学家、沉积物搬运专家、海啸数值模拟专家和实验学家。研讨会为这些不同的专家权衡优先事项和计划合作提供了一个及时的场所。更广泛的影响应对海啸危害有三种途径：评估、预警和减灾。海啸沉积研究是研究重现期和估计过去事件规模的重要方法。此外，这些研究可以帮助提高公众教育和意识——这是减灾工作的一个重要方面。2004年12月26日的海啸表明，全球需要进行海啸灾害评估、教育和社区准备工作。这次讲习班将把研究人员和教育工作者与政府和社区代表聚集在一起，以便改进向可能受影响的社区传播海啸研究成果。本次研讨会由地球科学局以下项目资助：仪器与设备、海洋地质与地球物理、海洋钻探项目、地貌与陆地动力学、沉积地质与古生物学。国际科学与工程办公室：东亚和太平洋；美洲;中欧&欧亚；非洲，近东和南亚。在工程部：地质力学和岩土工程系统。

This workshop will bring together an international group of leaders and emerging leaders in tsunami research. The experts will discuss how coastal erosion and deposition patterns caused by tsunamis can be used to better understand tsunami hazards. The recent Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and its tsunami underscore the importance of these topics. Anticipated outcomes of the workshop include recommendations to NSF on tsunami research priorities, preliminary collaborative NSF proposals, and a summary of conclusions to be distributed to policymakers.Intellectual MeritTsunamis happen often in the world's oceans, on both human and geologic time scales. Most tsunamis result from fault displacement under the sea; others are set off by submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions, or meteorite impacts. Barely two decades have passed since geologists began using onshore sedimentary deposits to identify areas at risk from tsunamis. The work has produced startling discoveries, particularly related to the frequency of events in the northwestern United States.Tsunami deposits have enormous potential as recorders of flow depth and velocity -- parameters of importance to coastal engineers. Working together at this frontier are geologists, sediment-transport experts, numerical tsunami modelers, and experimentalists. The workhop provides a timely venue for these various specialists to weigh priorities and plan collaborations.Broader ImpactsThere are three avenues to addressing tsunami hazard: assessment, warning, and mitigation. Tsunami-deposit studies are an important way to study recurrence intervals and to estimate the size of past events. Moreover, these studies can help with public education and awareness -- an important aspect of mitigation efforts.The 26 December 2004 tsunami demonstrated the global need for tsunamihazard assessment, education, and community preparation. This workshop will bring together researchers and educators with government and community representatives, in order to improve the communication of tsunami research results to potentially affected communities.This workshop is supported by funding from the following programs in the Geosciences Directorate: Instrumentation & Facilities, Marine Geology & Geophysics, Ocean Drilling Program, Geomorphology & Land Dynamics, and Sedimentary Geology & Paleontology. In the Office for International Science and Engineering: East Asia & Pacific; Americas; Central Europe & Eurasia; Africa, Near East & South Asia. In the Engineering Directorate: Geomechanics and Geotechnical Systems.