Workshop: Tsunami sedimentology and its role in hazard awareness, preparedness, assessment and mitigation

研讨会：海啸沉积学及其在灾害意识、准备、评估和缓解中的作用

• 批准号: 1201428
• 负责人: Robert Weiss
• 金额: $ 4.78万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1201428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Tsunami; sedimentology; its; role

This interdisciplinary workshop will bring together researchers who study tsunamis from different perspectives, such physical and social sciences and engineering, to develop priorities for interdisciplinary research on tsunami deposits, and how this research can be employed to increase awareness of and preparedness for tsunami hazards, as well as help to develop better hazard assessments and mitigation designs. The 2004 Sumatra and 2011 Tohoku earthquakes and their associated ocean-crossing tsunamis underscore the importance of these topics, even in technologically advanced countries. Anticipated outcomes of the workshop include recommendations to NSF on tsunami research priorities and preliminary collaborative NSF proposals.The workshop will be organized around the following questions, which range from basic science to applications in the public sphere:- What causative processes are recorded in deposits and erosional features of tsunamis?- How can geologic information about tsunamis be compared to data collected during modern post-tsunami surveys?- How can tsunami deposit studies be incorporated into engineering designs of marine and coastal infrastructure, and- How can tsunami deposit information be used to increase tsunami hazard awareness and preparedness of communities and individuals?Intellectual MeritTsunamis happen often in the world's oceans, on both human and geologic time scales. Most tsunamis result from fault displacement under the sea; others are set off by submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions, and meteorite impacts. Barely two decades have passed since geologists began using onshore sedimentary deposits to identify areas at risk to tsunamis. The work has produced startling discoveries, particularly in the northwestern United States. But basic questions remain, such as how to distinguish tsunami deposits from storm deposits on coasts with large storm surges. Tsunami deposits also have enormous potential as recorders of flow depth and velocity? parameters of importance to coastal engineers. Working together at this frontier are geologists, sediment-transport experts, numerical tsunami modelers, experimentalists, engineers, and social scientists. The workshop provides a timely venue for these various specialists to weigh priorities and plan collaborations.Broader ImpactsThere are three avenues to addressing tsunami hazard: assessment, mitigation, and warning. One of the major means for assessment is to quantify recurrence intervals and size estimates of past events, and tsunami-deposit studies are an important means for doing so. Moreover, tsunami-deposit studies can help in generating public education and awareness--an important aspect of mitigation efforts. The 26 December 2004 and the 11 March 2011 tsunamis tragically demonstrate the global need for tsunami hazard assessment, education, and community preparation. This workshop will bring together scientific researchers and engineers in order to develop means for improving the communication of tsunami research results to potentially affected communities.

这一跨学科讲习班将汇集从物理学、社会科学和工程学等不同角度研究海啸的研究人员，以确定关于海啸沉积物的跨学科研究的优先事项，以及如何利用这一研究来提高对海啸灾害的认识和防范，并帮助制定更好的灾害评估和减灾设计。2004年苏门答腊和2011年东北地震及其相关的跨洋海啸强调了这些主题的重要性，即使在技术先进的国家也是如此。研讨会的预期成果包括就海啸研究的优先事项向NSF提出建议，以及NSF初步的合作建议。研讨会将围绕以下问题组织，这些问题从基础科学到公共领域的应用：-海啸的沉积物和侵蚀特征中记录了什么样的成因过程？如何将海啸的地质信息与现代海啸后调查收集的数据进行比较？如何将海啸存款研究纳入海洋和沿海基础设施的工程设计，以及-如何使用海啸存款信息来提高社区和个人的海啸危险意识和准备？海啸经常发生在世界的海洋，在人类和地质的时间尺度。大多数海啸是由海底断层位移引起的;其他海啸则是由海底滑坡、火山爆发和陨石撞击引起的。从地质学家开始利用陆上沉积物来确定海啸危险区域到现在，仅仅过去了20年。这项工作产生了惊人的发现，特别是在美国西北部。但基本的问题仍然存在，比如如何区分海啸沉积物和风暴沉积物。海啸沉积物也有巨大的潜力作为水流深度和速度的记录器？对海岸工程师来说很重要。地质学家、沉积物输运专家、海啸数值模拟者、实验家、工程师和社会科学家在这一前沿共同工作。研讨会为这些专家提供了一个及时的场所，以衡量优先事项和计划合作。更广泛的影响有三个途径来解决海啸灾害：评估，减灾和预警。评估的主要手段之一是量化过去事件的重现间隔和规模估计，海啸沉积物研究是这样做的一个重要手段。此外，对海啸沉积物的研究可有助于开展公众教育和提高认识-这是减灾工作的一个重要方面。2004年12月26日和2011年3月11日的海啸悲剧性地表明，全球需要海啸灾害评估、教育和社区准备。该讲习班将汇集科学研究人员和工程师，以便制定办法，更好地向可能受影响的社区宣传海啸研究结果。