Atmospheric Boundary Identification and Delineation Experiment II (ABIDE-2)

先进的大气廓线和雷达系统将揭示各种大气边界层条件下的汇聚边界区特性，包括不稳定的对流边界层、稳定的夜间边界层以及两者之间的过渡。ABE-2的主要目标是研究大气边界层中收敛边界带的物理性质(结构和演化)，并研究它们对水汽分布、对流启动和深对流的影响。ABE-2将努力实现以下目标：1.通过对在广泛的大气条件下形成和演变的会聚边界区进行详细的多传感器案例研究，提高对会聚边界区(特别是水蒸气增强)的物理学的理解。以下三个目标将得到强调：a.比较亨茨维尔地区的辐合边界带和相关的对流启动，与大平原和其他地区的辐合边界带/对流启动属性进行比较，以扩大我们对辐合边界带和对流启动属性的理解；b.研究从不稳定对流边界层到稳定夜间边界层的过渡期间(日落正负2小时)辐合边界带行为的变化；c.研究稳定夜间边界层内的辐合边界带(和对流启动)属性。由于由扫描雷达和雷达剖面仪合成的气流取决于大气边界层中生物飞行器的散射，因此将研究生物飞行器的特性(垂直和水平速度)，包括这些特性的季节和日变化，以评估扫描多普勒雷达和多普勒风剖面仪得出的气流的准确性。这些目标将通过一组大气廓线仪器的连续(全天候)测量来实现，这些仪器包括一台915 MHz雷达剖面仪、一台12通道微波剖面仪、一台激光雷达和一台多普勒声达、一台C波段双极化多普勒雷达、一台第二声雷达和地面仪器。这项研究的更广泛影响将通过改进受汇聚边界区(如对流启动、强风暴和其他危险天气)影响的天气现象预报的可能性而产生。此外，这项研究将有助于基于多普勒雷达和剖面仪的径向速度测量，更好地了解生物飞行物并对其飞行特性进行参数化。

Advanced atmospheric profiling and radar systems will disclose convergent boundary zones properties for a variety of atmospheric boundary layer conditions including the unstable convective boundary layer, the stable nocturnal boundary layer, and the transition in between. The principal goal of ABIDE-2 is to examine the physical properties (structure and evolution) of convergent boundary zones in the atmospheric boundary layer, and investigate their impact on the distribution of water vapor, convective initiation, and deep convection. The ABIDE-2 will strive to accomplish the following objectives: 1. Improve understanding of the physics of convergent boundary zones (water vapor enhancements in particular) through detailed, multi-sensor case studies of convergent boundary zones that form and evolve within a wide spectrum of atmospheric conditions. The following three goals will receive emphasis: a. Compare convergent boundary zone properties, and associated convective initiation in the Huntsville region, with convergent boundary zone/convective initiation properties from the great plains and other regions to broaden our understanding of convergent boundary zone and convective initiation properties as a function of atmospheric stratification; b. Investigate changes in convergent boundary zone behavior during the transition period (plus-minus 2 h of sunset) from the unstable convective boundary layer to the stable nocturnal boundary layer; c. Examine convergent boundary zone (and convective initiation) properties within the stable nocturnal boundary layer.2. Because synthesis of airflow from scanning radars and radar profilers depends on scattering from biological fliers in the atmospheric boundary layer, properties of biological fliers (vertical and horizontal velocity) will be investigated, including the seasonal and diurnal variability of these properties, to assess accuracy of airflow derived from scanning Doppler radars and Doppler wind profilers. These goals will be accomplished using continuous (24/7) measurements from a cluster of atmospheric profiling instruments consisting of a 915 MHz radar profiler, a 12-channel microwave profiling radiometer, a lidar ceilometer, and a Doppler sodar; a C-band dual-polarization Doppler radar; a second sodar; and surface instrumentation.The broader impacts of this research will be derived through the potential of improved forecasts of weather phenomena impacted by convergent boundary zones (e.g., convective initiation, severe storms, and other hazardous weather). In addition, this research will contribute to improved understanding of biological flyers and parameterizations of their flight characteristics, based on Doppler radar and profiler radial velocity measurements.