Purchase of an X-ray Powder Diffractometer

购买X射线粉末衍射仪

• 批准号: 0541752
• 负责人: Joel Bowman
• 金额: $ 29.98万
• 依托单位: Emory University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-15 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0541752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Purchase; ray; Powder; Diffractometer

With support from the Chemistry Research Instrumentation and Facilities-Departmental Multiuser Instrument Acquisition (CRIF-MU) Program, the Department of Chemistry at Emory University will acquire a powder X-ray diffractometer (powder XRD). This instrument will enable research in the following areas: a) metal oxide clusters and functional materials comprised thereof; b) rational design of nanostructures derived from self-assembly of helical peptide motifs; c) single source precursors for low temperature synthesis of nanocrystals; d) molecular dynamics on nanoparticles: electron transfer and salvation; e) polymeric materials for selective mercury remediation from aqueous environments; and f) development of well-defined supported oxide catalysts. The X-ray diffractometer allows accurate and precise measurements of the full three dimensional structure of a molecule, including bond distances and angles, and it provides accurate information about the spatial arrangement of the molecule relative to the neighboring molecules. The synthesis of materials having an extended structure, such as polymers, inorganic solids, or gels, often yields a polycrystalline or phase-impure powder. Powder XRD is the most powerful tool available for the structural characterization of such products. Powder XRD pattern can elucidate the structure and relative abundance of the crystalline phases present, it can expose the existence of preferred crystalline orientation of a film of a material relative to a crystalline substrate surface, and the XRD linewidth can provide an estimate of the mean crystallite diameter. In addition, the structure of extremely thin films (100 nm) of materials can be investigated by powder-XRD whereas such films cannot be probed by single-crystal XRD. These studies will have an impact in a number of areas, in particular materials chemistry and the nanosciences.

在化学研究仪器和设施 - 部门多源仪器采集（CRIF-MU）计划的支持下，埃默里大学化学系将获得粉末X射线衍射仪（粉末XRD）。该仪器将在以下领域进行研究：a）金属氧化物簇及其组成的功能材料； b）源自螺旋肽基序的自组装的纳米结构的合理设计； c）纳米晶体低温合成的单一源前体； d）纳米颗粒上的分子动力学：电子转移和救赎； e）从水性环境中选择性汞修复的聚合物材料； f）开发明确的氧化催化剂。 X射线衍射仪可以准确，精确地测量分子的整个三维结构，包括键距离和角度，并提供有关该分子相对于相邻分子的空间排列的准确信息。具有扩展结构的材料的合成，例如聚合物，无机固体或凝胶，通常会产生多晶或相位障碍粉。粉末XRD是最强大的工具，可用于此类产品的结构表征。粉末XRD模式可以阐明存在的晶相的结构和相对丰度，它可以揭示相对于晶体底物表面的材料膜的首选结晶方向的存在，并且XRD线宽可以提供平均晶体直径的估计。另外，可以通过粉末-XRD研究极其薄膜（100 nm）材料的结构，而单晶XRD不能探测这些膜的结构。这些研究将在许多领域，尤其是材料化学和纳米科学方面产生影响。