Mosses of Bolivia

玻利维亚的苔藓

• 批准号: 0542422
• 负责人: Steven Churchill
• 金额: $ 21.26万
• 依托单位: Missouri Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-15 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0542422&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mosses; Bolivia

The "Mosses of Bolivia" project's first objective to document the extremely rich diversity found within the country. It is estimated that Bolivia (equal in size to the combined area of California and Texas) may contain nearly 1000 species, slightly less than North America. A treatment with descriptions and illustrations will be prepared which will include ecology, and the geographical and elevational range of each species. This will be based on previous collections and new field collections targeting highly diverse regions requiring greater inventory efforts or areas where there is a complete lack of field work both in the mountains and lowland regions. All collections will be data based. Both the database and illustrated treatment will be maintained on the Internet in English and Spanish. A final product will be a concise published text. The second objective is an analysis and characterization of moss diversity within the 12 major ecological regions of Bolivia. This will be the first attempt, within the context of the tropical Andes, to examine how diversity is distributed in a host of different vegetation types, from humid to desert alpine regions to humid mountain forest and wet or dry lowland forest. The database and more importantly the illustrated treatment will provide the necessary tool, the "key," to promote further studies by Bolivians and other collaborating researchers interested in floristic inventories in unexplored regions of the country, and qualitative and quantitative ecological studies that are a part of the Bolivian institutional research programs. As the first moss treatment for the southern portion of the tropical Andes, this will be equally useful in adjoining regions of Peru and northern Argentina where such studies are lacking. The project will provide the opportunity for Bolivian student training through active participation in workshops, field and laboratory studies, and opportunities to develop and implement small-scale research projects. Disproportionate to their small size, mosses, as well as hepatics, play a major and critical role in the Andean ecosystem, particularly in the mountain forest and alpine regions. Forming loose or dense mats, tufts, and pendants, these plants quickly absorb water from rainfall or fog mist (unlike most flowering plants), and retain 5-25% times their dry weight. These plants then gradually release the water into the immediate environment, thus moderate water flow (assuring water flow during the dry season), arrest erosion, and assist in preventing landslides and flooding down slope (during the rainy season). It is critical that we document this ecological role through qualitative and quantitative studies, and ensure the conservation of these organisms.

“玻利维亚苔藓”项目的第一个目标是记录该国境内发现的极其丰富的多样性。 据估计，玻利维亚（面积相当于加州和得克萨斯州的总和）可能包含近1000种，略少于北美。 将准备一份附有描述和插图的治疗报告，其中将包括生态学以及每个物种的地理和海拔范围。 这将以以前的收集和新的实地收集为基础，目标是需要更大清查工作的高度多样化地区或山区和低地地区完全缺乏实地工作的地区。 所有的收集都将基于数据。 数据库和治疗图解将以英文和西班牙文在因特网上维持。 最后产品将是一份简明的出版物。 第二个目标是分析和表征玻利维亚的12个主要生态区域内的苔藓多样性。 这将是在热带安第斯山脉范围内第一次尝试研究多样性如何分布在许多不同的植被类型中，从潮湿到沙漠的高山地区到潮湿的山地森林和潮湿或干燥的低地森林。该数据库，更重要的是，说明处理将提供必要的工具，“钥匙”，以促进玻利维亚人和其他合作研究人员在该国未开发地区的植物区系清单，定性和定量生态研究，是玻利维亚机构研究计划的一部分，感兴趣的进一步研究。 作为热带安第斯山脉南部的第一种苔藓处理，这将同样适用于缺乏此类研究的秘鲁和北方阿根廷的毗邻地区。 该项目将通过积极参加讲习班、实地和实验室研究，为玻利维亚学生提供培训机会，并提供制定和实施小规模研究项目的机会。与其小尺寸不相称的是，苔藓和肝在安第斯生态系统中发挥着重要和关键的作用，特别是在山区森林和高山地区。 形成松散或密集的垫，簇和悬垂物，这些植物迅速吸收雨水或雾（不像大多数开花植物），并保留其干重的5-25%。 然后，这些植物逐渐将水释放到周围环境中，从而调节水流（确保旱季的水流），阻止侵蚀，并有助于防止山体滑坡和洪水（雨季）。 至关重要的是，我们通过定性和定量研究记录这种生态作用，并确保这些生物的保护。