Analysis of Intercellular Signaling Governing Plant Cell Polarization

控制植物细胞极化的细胞间信号传导分析

• 批准号: 0544226
• 负责人: Laurie Smith
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0544226&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Analysis; Intercellular; Signaling; Governing; Plant

A fundamental challenge in developmental biology is to understand how a single celled zygote can give rise to the wide variety of cell types characteristic of a multicellular organism. In plants, as in other eukaryotes, new cell types are often formed via asymmetric divisions, where one cell divides unequally to produce daughter cells with different developmental fates. Asymmetric divisions depend on the ability of a cell to polarize (become asymmetric) before dividing. A maize protein (PAN1) has been identified that appears to function as a receptor, receiving a signal by which one cell tells its neighbor to polarize and divide asymmetrically to create a new cell type. This project is aimed at elucidating the function of PAN1 through a variety of approaches. The intracellular localization of PAN1 will be determined along with the site at which PAN1 becomes activated by the putative signal. PAN1 will be investigated to determine whether its function involves an interaction with a class of proteins previously implicated in cell polarization. Complementary approaches will be taken to identify the putative signaling molecule that activates PAN1. Finally, a genetic approach will be used to investigate the functions of PAN1-like proteins in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. This work will improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which cells communicate with each other to coordinate important events in development such as cell polarization and asymmetric division. Participation in this work will provide valuable, interdisciplinary training for a Ph.D. student, a postdoctoral fellow, and a series of undergraduates. In addition, all participants in the project will contribute to the teaching of a Workshop in Crop Biotechnology at the Univeridad Autonoma de Baja California in Mexico, which will enhance educational opportunities for young scientists in Mexico as well as fostering connections between U.S. and Mexican scientists.

发育生物学的一个基本挑战是了解单细胞受精卵如何产生多细胞生物体的多种细胞类型特征。在植物中，与其他真核生物一样，新的细胞类型通常是通过不对称分裂形成的，其中一个细胞不均匀地分裂，产生具有不同发育命运的子细胞。不对称分裂取决于细胞在分裂前极化（变得不对称）的能力。一种玉米蛋白 (PAN1) 已被鉴定出，它似乎起到受体的作用，接收信号，一个细胞告诉其邻近细胞不对称地极化和分裂，以创建一种新的细胞类型。该项目旨在通过多种方法阐明 PAN1 的功能。 PAN1 的细胞内定位将与 PAN1 被假定信号激活的位点一起确定。将研究 PAN1 以确定其功能是否涉及与先前与细胞极化有关的一类蛋白质的相互作用。将采取补充方法来识别激活 PAN1 的推定信号分子。最后，将使用遗传方法来研究模式物种拟南芥中 PAN1 样蛋白的功能。这项工作将增进我们对细胞相互沟通的机制的理解，以协调细胞极化和不对称分裂等发育过程中的重要事件。参与这项工作将为博士提供有价值的跨学科培训。学生、博士后研究员和一系列本科生。此外，该项目的所有参与者都将为墨西哥下加利福尼亚自治大学作物生物技术研讨会的教学做出贡献，这将增加墨西哥年轻科学家的教育机会，并促进美国和墨西哥科学家之间的联系。