Study and buildup of a decision matrix for selection and design of micro machining clamping systems - Development and study of universally usable hybrid micro clamping systems

根据先前研究和第一个资助期的结果，由于这些系统所基于的夹紧方法的各种缺点，众所周知的微型夹紧系统的普遍使用是不可能的。例如，尽管机械夹紧显示出非常短的夹紧时间、高的夹紧刚度和自动化能力以及低的资本和操作成本，但由于其损坏的风险，既不软也不薄壁的工件也可以被固定。蜡夹可以实现非常高的夹持力，并可靠地夹持各种微型工件，而不会损坏它们。然而，由于工件的热膨胀和浮动，使用这种方法几乎不可能在没有特殊定位系统的情况下确保足够的夹持精度以进行微加工。此外，用蜡夹紧显示出比机械夹紧长得多的夹紧时间。所有这些都导致额外的时间和成本，并且使得仅对于小批量可能有效地使用该方法。因此，需要一种通用的微型夹紧系统。本项目的目标是开发和研究新的、通用的、混合型微型夹紧系统，一方面，实际使用在第一个资助期获得的关于已知夹紧装置的特性和适用性的知识，另一方面，为了获得关于未知或未研究的混合微夹持装置的行为和特性的新的基础知识，将通过基于材料、力或形状闭合的各种公知夹持方法的组合来开发新型混合微夹持系统，包括用冰、蜡、胶、真空的夹持，传统方法的这种组合应导致同时使用它们的不同优点，例如可靠且无损伤的工件夹紧和具有高精度和可重复性的固定，和/或补偿它们的缺点，例如夹紧刚度的增加。然而，这必须通过这些混合微夹紧系统的性能的理论和实验研究来验证。在这些研究中获得的基础知识将用于第一个供资期创建的数据库系统。

According to the results of the previous studies and the 1st funding period, a universal usage of the well-known micro clamping systems is not possible due to various disadvantages of the clamping methods, on which these systems are based. For example, though the mechanical clamping, which shows a very short clamping time, high clamping stiffness and automation capability, as well as low capital and operating costs, nether soft nor thin-walled workpieces can be fixed because of the risk of their damage. The wax clamping allows to achieve very high holding forces and to clamp various micro workpieces reliably and without their damage. However, it is hardly possible with this method to ensure a clamping accuracy sufficient for micromachining without special positioning systems due to the thermal expansion and floating of the workpiece. In addition, the clamping with wax shows much longer clamping times than the mechanical clamping does. All this results in an additional time and costs and makes an efficient usage of this method only for small batches possible. Hence, there is a need for a universally usable micro clamping system.The goal of this project is the development and study of new, universally usable, hybrid micro clamping systems, on the one hand, to use practically the knowledge about the properties and suitability of the known clamping devices for micromachining, which were obtained during the 1st funding period and, on the other hand, to obtain new fundamental knowledge of the behavior and properties of unknown or not studied, hybrid micro clamping devices.The novel hybrid micro clamping systems are to be developed through a combination of various, well-known clamping methods based on material, force or form closures, including the clamping with ice, wax, glue, vacuum, chuck jaws etc. This combination of the conventional methods should result in a simultaneous usage of their different advantages, such as a reliable and damage-free workpiece clamping and a fixation with a high accuracy and repeatability, and/or in a compensation of their disadvantages, such as an increase in the clamping stiffness. However, this must be verified through theoretical and experimental studies of the properties of these hybrid micro clamping systems. Fundamental knowledge, which will be obtained during these studies, is to be implemented into the database system created during the 1st funding period.