CAREER: Shock-Tube Studies of Ignition and Oxidation Kinetics at Practical Conditions

职业：实际条件下点火和氧化动力学的激波管研究

• 批准号: 0547159
• 负责人: Eric Petersen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2008-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0547159&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Shock; Tube; Studies; Ignition

CAREER: Shock-Tube Studies of Ignition and Oxidation at Practical ConditionsEric L. PetersenMechanical, Materials & Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Central FloridaSince the Earths population continues to grow and counties continue to develop industrially and technologically, our reliance on energy resources remains at the forefront of world science, technology, and politics. Although alternative sources of energy have been pursued for several years, all estimates indicate that the major energy sources for the next 50-100 years or more will continue to be from chemical means. At the heart of this production of energy, whether for electricity or transportation, is the combustion process inside of an engine. Examples include internal combustion engines for automobiles, large gas turbine engines for power plants, and jet engines for aircraft. However, global and local concerns regarding energy conservation, pollution, and dependable fuel supplies place an ever-increasing need for more efficient and cleaner-burning engines. Such demands are often beyond the limits of existing combustion science and technology. To meet the seemingly conflicting demands of increased energy production, fuel flexibility, and emissions reduction, we must understand the combustion processes at the fundamental combustion level and at conditions that are representative of practical devices. A modern frontier in this area includes the chemistry of fuel oxidation at elevated pressures since most engines operate at pressures much greater than atmospheric pressure. The goal of this CAREER award is to better understand the chemistry of fuel ignition and oxidation through experimental research using a facility that is ideal for reproducing high-temperature, high-pressure engine conditions in a laboratory environment: a shock tube.An important global topic such as energy production requires not only advances in scientific research, but trained people to carry it out. Engineers and scientists with a worldview will certainly further the advancement of science at an international level. A critical aspect of this CAREER award therefore involves the participation of students in related research abroad in countries such as Germany and Ireland. Each summer, a student will spend 3 months conducting research at the host international university laboratory. At the grassroots level, the development of future scientists and engineers begins at high school, middle school, and even elementary school. Exposing young students and their teachers to scientific research will help to instill the excitement of science and the desire to pursue careers in scientific research. This CAREER effort includes a K-12 outreach component including a panel of local teachers to serve as an advisory committee for ideas and plans for involving students at a young age in engineering and science. In fact, this 5-year CAREER award alone will give more than a dozen university students several being female or of minority status a first-hand experience in scientific research. Many others will be impacted by the proliferation of ideas and resources into university and K-12 classrooms. In summary, this CAREER effort will acquire much-needed, higher-pressure chemical kinetics data and expose several students at both the university and K-12 levels to the scientific research process. The focus of the study will be on the oxidation kinetics of CO/H2 and certain lower-order hydrocarbons at pressures up to 100 atm, with emphasis on the 10-to-30 atm range and temperatures between roughly 800 and 2000 K. The overall effort is divided into seven tasks: 1) design and construction of a low-temperature, high-pressure shock tube; 2) conduct ignition and oxidation experiments; 3) perform kinetics modeling studies; 4) measure rate coefficients of key reactions; 5) incorporate research experiences at international and industry laboratories; 6) launch a K-12 outreach program to encourage interest in engineering research at an early age; and, 7) instigate a program that involves undergraduate students conducting research year round.The Combustion and Plasma Systems Program and the Office of International Science and Engineering cofund this project.

职业生涯：在实际条件下点火和氧化的激波管研究。彼得森机械，材料航空航天工程中佛罗里达大学由于地球人口持续增长，各国继续发展工业和技术，我们对能源的依赖仍然处于世界科学，技术和政治的前沿。虽然替代能源已经探索了好几年，但所有估计都表明，今后50-100年或更长时间的主要能源将继续来自化学手段。无论是电力还是运输，这种能量生产的核心是发动机内的燃烧过程。实例包括用于汽车的内燃机、用于发电厂的大型燃气涡轮机发动机和用于飞机的喷气发动机。然而，全球和当地对节能、污染和可靠燃料供应的关注使得对更高效和更清洁燃烧的发动机的需求不断增加。这些要求往往超出了现有燃烧科学和技术的限制。为了满足增加能源生产、燃料灵活性和减少排放的看似矛盾的需求，我们必须了解基本燃烧水平和实际设备代表性条件下的燃烧过程。这一领域的现代前沿包括在高压下的燃料氧化化学，因为大多数发动机在比大气压力大得多的压力下工作。CAREER奖的目的是通过使用激波管进行实验研究，更好地了解燃料点火和氧化的化学过程。激波管是在实验室环境中再现高温高压发动机工况的理想设备。能源生产这样一个重要的全球性课题，不仅需要科学研究的进步，还需要训练有素的人员来完成。具有世界观的工程师和科学家肯定会在国际层面上推动科学的进步。因此，该职业奖的一个关键方面涉及学生在国外相关研究的参与，如德国和爱尔兰。每年夏天，一名学生将花3个月的时间在国际大学实验室进行研究。在基层，未来科学家和工程师的培养从高中、初中甚至小学就开始了。让青年学生和他们的教师接触科学研究，将有助于灌输对科学的兴奋和追求科学研究事业的愿望。这项职业努力包括一个K-12外展部分，包括一个当地教师小组，作为一个咨询委员会的想法和计划，让学生在年轻时参与工程和科学。事实上，仅这项为期5年的CAREER奖就将使十多名大学生（其中一些是女性或少数民族）获得科学研究的第一手经验。许多其他人将受到思想和资源扩散到大学和K-12教室的影响。 总之，这项事业的努力将获得急需的，高压化学动力学数据，并暴露在大学和K-12水平的几个学生的科学研究过程。该研究的重点将是在压力高达100大气压下CO/H2和某些低级烃的氧化动力学，重点是10至30大气压范围和大约800至2000 K之间的温度。总体工作分为七项任务：1）设计和建造低温高压激波管; 2）进行点火和氧化实验; 3）进行动力学模拟研究; 4）测量关键反应的速率系数; 5）吸收国际和工业实验室的研究经验; 6）启动K-12外展计划，以鼓励早期对工程研究的兴趣;并且，在本发明中，第七章）鼓励一个涉及本科生全年进行研究的项目。燃烧和等离子体系统项目和国际科学办公室，工程部为这个项目提供资金。