CAREER: Development of an Innovative Laboratory for Research and Education in Urban Meteorology

职业：发展城市气象研究和教育创新实验室

• 批准号: 0547882
• 负责人: Petra Klein
• 金额: $ 67.48万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-01 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0547882&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Development; Innovative; Laboratory; Research

This project bridges the gap between modern research practices and student education in an area of growing national interest - urban meteorology. The main objectives are (i) to fully utilize modern observation techniques in boundary-layer research, (ii) to gain new knowledge of boundary-layer dynamics and turbulence structure over terrain with large roughness elements, (iii) to advance urban surface-layer parameterization schemes and (iv) to create synergistic and integrated learning experiences to better educate future scientists and professionals about urban environmental impacts. The novelty of the Laboratory for Research and Education in Urban Meteorology (ILREUM) originates from the integrated design of a laboratory that fully utilizes new technologies in meteorological studies. In-situ and remote-sensing instrumentation, as well as fieldwork and wind tunnel simulations are combined in an innovative and complementary way. Three observational sites representative for different land use types are being designed to obtain high-resolution and long-term data of flow and turbulence within the lowest hundreds of meters of the urban boundary layer. These data, in combination with data available from a number of recent urban field and laboratory campaigns, will provide new insights into (i) boundary-layer development from rural through sub-urban to urban terrain, (ii) the interaction between thermally and mechanically produced turbulence in urban areas, (iii) the properties of flow and turbulence inside the urban roughness sublayer, and (iv) the exchange of momentum, heat, and pollutants between the urban canopy layer and the above roof level flow. All these questions are still not fully understood and of crucial importance for the development and improvement of modeling systems that serve as tools to solve current and future environmental challenges of cities Because of the ongoing trend of urbanization, atmospheric processes in urban areas are of great concern and directly affect the majority of the world's population. ILREUM aims at a broader knowledge in urban meteorology and improvement of parameterization schemes for atmospheric models.Broader impacts: The expected results are of great relevance for a wide range of applications including (i) weather prediction and climate models for urban and regional scales, (ii) modeling systems for urban air quality management, and (iii) emergency response tools in the event of unexpected releases of air toxics in an urban environment. As part of ILREUM, interactive and hands-on teaching modules will be developed and disseminated through digital libraries, which will assist in closing the gap between research and education and promote lasting knowledge of scientific principles in this challenging field beyond the OU campus. The International Association of Urban Climatology (IAUC) has recognized the need for improved teaching resources in urban meteorology: the ILREUM materials will be announced in the IAUC newsletter in response to this call. The education plan includes also an international exchange program, which will further assure that future graduates are better prepared for challenges and opportunities arising from ongoing urbanization and the related global, regional and local environmental problems. Research and travel fellowships will be awarded to undergraduate students participating in the exchange programs and special efforts will be undertaken to attract underrepresented groups in these fellowships. In collaboration with existing outreach programs of the Oklahoma Climatological Survey, the obtained data and results will also be prepared in a format targeting K-12 education and training of first responders.

该项目弥合了现代研究实践和学生教育之间的差距，在一个日益增长的国家利益-城市气象学领域。主要目标是：㈠在边界层研究中充分利用现代观测技术; ㈡获得关于边界层动态和粗糙度较大的地形上的湍流结构的新知识; ㈢推进城市表层参数化方案; ㈣创造协同和综合的学习经验，以便更好地教育未来的科学家和专业人员了解城市环境影响。城市气象学研究和教育实验室（ILREUM）的新奇源于一个充分利用气象研究新技术的实验室的综合设计。现场和遥感仪器，以及实地工作和风洞模拟以创新和互补的方式相结合。正在设计代表不同土地利用类型的三个观测点，以获取城市边界层最低数百米范围内的流动和湍流的高分辨率和长期数据。这些数据，结合从一些最近的城市现场和实验室活动中获得的数据，将为以下方面提供新的见解：（i）从农村到郊区到城市地形的边界层发展，（ii）城市地区热力和机械产生的湍流之间的相互作用，（iii）城市粗糙子层内的流动和湍流特性，以及（iv）动量，热量，污染物在城市冠层和屋顶层之间流动。所有这些问题仍然没有得到充分的理解和至关重要的建模系统，作为工具，以解决当前和未来的城市环境挑战的发展和改进。由于城市化的持续趋势，在城市地区的大气过程是非常令人关注的，直接影响到世界上大多数人口。国际城市气象学研究所的目标是扩大城市气象学的知识，改进大气模型的参数化方案。预期的结果是非常相关的广泛的应用，包括（i）天气预报和气候模式的城市和区域尺度，（ii）模拟系统的城市空气质量管理，以及（iii）在城市环境中意外释放空气有毒物质的情况下的应急响应工具。作为ILREUM的一部分，将通过数字图书馆开发和传播互动和实践教学模块，这将有助于缩小研究与教育之间的差距，并促进在校园之外的这一具有挑战性的领域中对科学原理的持久了解。国际城市气候学协会（IAUC）认识到需要改善城市气象学教学资源：为响应这一呼吁，ILREUM材料将在IAUC时事通讯中公布。该教育计划还包括一个国际交流计划，这将进一步确保未来的毕业生更好地应对持续城市化和相关的全球，区域和地方环境问题所带来的挑战和机遇。研究和旅行奖学金将颁发给参加交流方案的本科生，并将作出特别努力，吸引代表性不足的群体参加这些奖学金。与俄克拉荷马州气候调查的现有外联方案合作，所获得的数据和结果也将以针对K-12教育和第一反应者培训的格式准备。