CAREER: Utilization of Mechanochemistry for Solvent Waste Reduction

辛辛那提大学化学系的James Mack II教授在有机和高分子化学项目的这一职业奖的支持下，将通过彻底研究避免使用溶剂的球磨反应来促进绿色化学的发展。他建议改变球的大小、球的数量和瓶子的长度，并尝试从不锈钢到聚丙烯的15种不同的球成分，以实现对许多有机反应的区域化学、立体化学和化学选择性的控制。这项工作属于一个在美国很少受到关注的领域，在日本和欧洲受到的关注较少。这项拟议的研究将有助于阐明球磨有机反应的机理，并检查控制球磨反应能量的原理。詹姆斯·麦晋桁教授将在有机化学和高分子化学计划的支持下，通过开发对环境有害的反应的替代工艺，使用固态化学来减少化学废物。麦晋桁教授是一位富有创新精神的教师，他在辛辛那提大学引入了一种个人反应系统，允许学生立即向教授反馈。基于他在计算机图形程序方面的专业知识，他的教育计划中的一个重要部分是开发计算机动画，帮助学生了解有机反应。他将把涉及球磨的实验引入本科实验室，并在讲座和实验室工作中强调绿色化学。他将为代表不足的少数民族学生的教育做出贡献。

With the support of this CAREER Award from the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program, Professor James Mack II, of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cincinnati, will advance green chemistry by a thorough study of ball-milling reactions, which avoids the use of solvents. He proposes to vary ball size, number of balls, and vial length, and to try 15 different ball compositions ranging from stainless steel to polypropylene to achieve control of the regiochemistry, stereochemistry and chemoselectivity of many organic reactions. This work falls in an area that has received very little attention in the United States with more modest attention in Japan and Europe. The proposed research will help elucidate the mechanisms of ball-milled organic reactions and examine the principles that control the energy of ball-milled reactions.Professor James Mack II, with the support of the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program, will use solid-state chemistry to reduce chemical waste by developing alternative processes to environmentally harmful reactions. Professor Mack is an innovative teacher, who has introduced a Personal Response System at Cincinnati that allows immediate feedback from students to professors. An important part of his educational plans, based on his expertise with computer graphics programs, is the development of computer animations that will help students understand organic reactions. He will introduce experiments involving ball milling into the undergraduate laboratories and emphasize green chemistry in both lectures and laboratory work. He will contribute to the education of underrepresented minority students.