Developing a better understanding of organic reactions under solvent-free ball milling conditions

国家科学基金会化学部的化学结构、动力学和机理计划支持辛辛那提大学的詹姆斯·马克二世教授研究和开发使用高速球磨过程的新的固态有机化学反应。这项工作的目标是了解指导这些新的机械力化学反应的基本原理，特别强调传热学和传质量化。无溶剂反应在减少废气和节省其他在溶剂合成、输送、储存和回收/处置方面的能源方面对化学工业很有吸引力。这项研究的更广泛的影响包括它直接适用于“绿色”化学，即典型有机反应的主要成分之一，溶剂被去除。对社会的潜在好处包括通过消除大量反应物节省能源，减少排放到大气中的挥发性有机成分，以及减少废物流动。麦晋桁教授以营造本科生能够成功的实验室氛围而闻名，他非常积极地从代表性不足的群体中招募和指导科学家。

The Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation supports Professor James Mack II of the University of Cincinnati, for investigation and development of new solid state organic chemistry reactions using a high speed ball milling process. The goal of this work is to understand the fundamental principles guiding these novel mechanochemical reactions, with a particular emphasis on heat transfer and mass transfer quantification. Solvent-free reactions are attractive to the chemical industry in terms of reducing the waste stream and saving the energy otherwise expended on solvent synthesis, delivery, storage and recovery/disposal.Broader impacts of this research include its direct applicability to "green" chemistry, where one of the major components of a typical organic reaction, the solvent, is removed. Potential benefits to society include the energy savings from elimination of a significant volume of the reactants, less volatile organic components released into the atmosphere, and a smaller waste stream. Professor Mack is known for building a laboratory atmosphere where undergraduates can succeed, and he is very active in recruiting and mentoring scientists from underrepresented groups.