SHINE: Core and Large Scale Magnetic Structure of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

首席研究员(PI)建议系统地研究与日冕物质抛射(CME)有关的大尺度太阳磁结构及其演化。虽然大多数目标将利用手头的数据来实现，但这项研究将得到新的观测工具的极大帮助，例如大熊太阳天文台新开发的可见光和近红外成像磁强计系统，以及即将由太阳动力学天文台和太阳B号航天器提供的矢量磁力图。对大尺度结构的研究将使用BBSO的六站高分辨率全球Ha网络的数据，SOHO的全盘图像，以及未来的SDO。拟议的研究重点是日冕物质抛射的太阳性质和相关现象，包括它们的最终起源、前兆和近太阳演化。首先，日冕物质抛射和耀斑将作为全盘事件观测，并结合大范围喷发特征的几个方面，以绘制耀斑/日冕物质抛射的开始和随后的扰动。这些大尺度特征包括Ha远程亮化、远程灯丝激活、摩顿波和大尺度日冕变暗。在此基础上推导出大规模的磁拓扑结构。其次，提出者将利用BBSO、SDO和Solar-B的矢量磁图，定量分析与耀斑和日冕物质抛射核心区相关的磁场的快速变化。这些研究将包括太阳黑子结构变化的光谱特性分析，以及喷发事件前后磁场结构的三维外推。第三，PI的团队将把观测结果与几个被广泛引用的理论耀斑/CME模型进行比较，以对它们进行批判性测试。这项提案还包括教育部分，因为学生将在这笔补助金的有效期内获得博士学位，并继续作为博士后完成该项目。

The principal investigator (PI) proposes to systematically study large-scale solar magnetic structures and their evolution associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Although most of the objectives will be accomplished with data on hand, the study will be aided significantly by new observational tools, such as the newly developed imaging magnetograph systems in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) at Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) and upcoming vector magnetograms to be provided by the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) and Solar-B spacecraft. The study of large-scale structure will use data from BBSO's six-station high-resolution Global Ha Network, full disk images from SOHO, and in the future, SDO. The proposed study focuses on solar properties of CMEs and related phenomena, including their ultimate origin, precursors, and near-Sun evolution.First, the PI will observe CMEs and flares as full disk events and integrate several aspects of the large-scale signature of eruptions, to map out the initiation and subsequent disturbances of the flare/CME eruptions. These large-scale signatures include Ha remote brightenings, remote filament activations, Moreton waves, and large-scale coronal dimmings. Large-scale magnetic topology will be derived based on this analysis. Second, the proposers will quantitatively analyze the rapid changes of magnetic fields associated with the core region of flares and CMEs, using vector magnetograms from BBSO, SDO and Solar-B. These studies will include analysis of spectroscopic properties of changing sunspot structure, as well as 3-D extrapolation of magnetic field structure before and after the eruptive events. Third, the PI's team will compare observations with a few well-cited theoretical flare/CME models to critically test them. This proposal also has an education component, given that a student will obtain his Ph.D. during the tenure of this grant and continue as a post-doc to finish the project.