SGER: Construction and Deployment of a High Pressure Chemostat System for the Culture of Deep Sea Bacteria and Nanoplankton Protists

SGER：用于深海细菌和纳米浮游生物原生生物培养的高压恒化器系统的构建和部署

• 批准号: 0550184
• 负责人: Alexander Bochdansky
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Old Dominion University Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-01 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0550184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Construction; Deployment; Pressure; Chemostat

Approximately half of the area of the ocean floor is covered with water deeper than 4000 m making the deep sea the largest habitat on earth. The sheer size of the ocean interior makes it an important component of the global carbon cycle even though life occurs at much lower densities in the deep sea than at the ocean's surface. Organic nutrients arrive almost exclusively through the sinking of particles and the advection of dissolved matter from the surface. The degradation of bioavailable organic carbon by bacteria and the grazing on bacteria by protists are dominant biological processes in the deep ocean. Both groups of organisms seem to contribute to the production of refractory organic material reflected by the high 14C age of dissolved organic matter. Understanding these processes is limited by the inaccessibility of the deep sea ecosystem. One of the most challenging issues in deep sea research is the exposure of samples to large pressure and temperature gradients as they are retrieved. In an effort to eliminate this problem, Dr. Bochandsky will build a device to maintain in situ pressure and temperature while retrieving samples from the deep sea. The samples will allow measurements of growth, bacterial grazing and production of dissolved organic matter of deep sea organisms. Fundamental questions regarding the endemism in protists will also be addressed. The project is being done in collaboration with the Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research. Broader impacts include technology advancement, international collaboration and contributions to insights into the global carbon cycle.

大约一半的海底区域被水深到4000 m，使深海成为地球上最大的栖息地。 海洋内部的巨大尺寸使其成为全球碳循环的重要组成部分，即使生命的发生在深海的密度要比海面的密度低得多。 有机营养物质几乎完全通过颗粒的下沉和从表面溶解的物质的对流到达。 细菌和原生物对细菌放牧的生物利用有机碳的降解是深海中的主要生物过程。 两组生物似乎有助于产生由溶解有机物的高14c年龄反射的难治性有机材料的产生。 了解这些过程受到深海生态系统的无法访问的限制。 深海研究中最具挑战性的问题之一是样品在检索过程中将样品暴露于大压力和温度梯度上。 为了消除这个问题，Bochandsky博士将建造一种设备以保持原位压力和温度，同时从深海取回样品。 这些样品将允许测量深海生物的生长，细菌放牧和溶解有机物的生产。 关于生物中的主教的基本问题也将得到解决。 该项目正在与荷兰皇家海洋研究所合作完成。 更广泛的影响包括技术进步，国际合作以及对全球碳周期的见解的贡献。