SGER: Disaster Preparedness and the Use of the Incident Command System for Responding to Hurricane Katrina

SGER：灾难准备和使用事件指挥系统应对卡特里娜飓风

• 批准号: 0553173
• 负责人: David Neal
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-01 至 2006-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0553173&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Disaster; Preparedness; Use; Incident

ABSTRACTThe recently established National Incident Management System (NIMS) mandates the use of the Incident Command System (ICS) for local, state and federal organizations during disaster response. First developed and used by firefighters over thirty years ago, many now consider ICS as the gold standard for managing disasters. Despite the long history of fire departments and other emergency response agencies using ICS, this will be the first known scientific analysis of ICS. In order to gather data on how officials used ICS for responding to Hurricane Katrina, researchers from the Center for the Study of Disasters and Extreme Events at Oklahoma State University will interview disaster managers involved with the response to Hurricane Katrina and obtain relevant documents. This study looks at how well ICS operated during and following Hurricane Katrina. We will determine the effectiveness of ICS during Hurricane Katrina by drawing upon the perceptions of disaster managers using ICS, and comparing the formal standards of effectiveness within ICS documents to actual behavior. This first scientific look at ICS should provide at least two crucial outcomes. First, we will establish what improvements, if any, are needed with ICS and more broadly with NIMS. Second, we will provide insight how organizations can respond more effectively during turbulent and unpredictable situations.

摘要最近建立的国家事故管理系统（NIMS）要求地方、州和联邦组织在灾害响应期间使用事故指挥系统（ICS）。ICS在三十多年前由消防员首次开发和使用，现在许多人认为ICS是管理灾害的黄金标准。尽管消防部门和其他应急响应机构使用ICS的历史悠久，但这将是第一次对ICS进行科学分析。为了收集有关官员如何使用ICS应对卡特里娜飓风的数据，俄克拉荷马州州立大学灾害和极端事件研究中心的研究人员将采访参与应对卡特里娜飓风的灾害管理人员，并获得相关文件。这项研究着眼于ICS在卡特里娜飓风期间和之后的运作情况。我们将确定ICS在卡特里娜飓风期间的有效性，借鉴灾害管理人员使用ICS的看法，并比较ICS文件中的正式有效性标准与实际行为。对ICS的第一次科学审视应该至少提供两个关键结果。首先，我们将确定ICS和更广泛的NIMS需要哪些改进（如果有的话）。其次，我们将提供洞察力，组织如何在动荡和不可预测的情况下更有效地做出反应。