Nanotubes: Synthesis and Applications

多壁和单壁纳米管目前是通过高压CO转化、脉冲激光蒸发、化学气相沉积或碳弧合成来制备的。这些方法制备的碳纳米管大小不一，既有封顶的，也有未封顶的，无法得到含有杂原子的碳纳米管。该项目致力于逐步合成具有预定直径、长度和功能的特定碳纳米管，以及含有纳米管的杂原子。其具体目标是：(1)合成特定直径和长度的功能化单壁碳纳米管；(2)合成含杂原子的纳米管；(3)合成更大尺寸的纳米管及其自组装；(4)纳米管在形成脂质双层离子通道中的应用。自1991年在弧光放电烟尘材料中发现多壁碳纳米管以来，碳纳米管已成为近20年来研究最深入的材料之一。人们的兴趣源于它们独特的电子和机械性能。目前制备这些独特材料的方法是有限的，因为它们产生不同大小和形状的纳米管的混合物，而不是纯材料。在有机化学和高分子化学项目的支持下，堪萨斯州立大学化学系的杜伊·H·华教授正在开发新的纳米管合成方法，以克服这些限制。纯净的、结构清晰的纳米管将为电子、分析设备和生物应用的开发提供新的材料。

Multi-walled and single-walled nanotubes are currently made from high-pressure CO conversion, pulsed-laser vaporization, chemical vapor deposition, or carbon arc synthesis. Various sizes and both capped and uncapped carbon nanotubes are produced as mixtures by these methods, and heteroatom containing nanotubes are unavailable. This project addresses the step-wise synthesis of specific carbon nanotubes with predetermined diameter and length and functionalities, as well as heteroatom containing nanotubes. The specific aims are: (1) synthesis of functionalized singlewalled carbon nanotubes with specific diameters and lengths; (2) synthesis of heteroatomcontaining nanotubes; (3) synthesis of larger size nanotubes and self-assembly of nanotubes; and (4) application of nanotubes in the formation of lipid-bilayer ion channels.Since the 1991 discovery of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in arc-discharge soot materials, carbon nanotubes have become one of the most intensively studied classes of materials of the past two decades. The interest stems from their unique electronic and mechanical properties. Current methods for preparing these unique materials are limited in that they produce mixtures of various sizes and configurations of nanotubes rather than pure materials. With the support of the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program, Professor Duy H. Hua, of the Department of Chemistry at Kansas State University, is developing new methods for the synthesis of nanotubes that overcome these limitations. The pure, structurally well-defined nanotubes will provide new materials for development in electronic, analytical devices, and biological applications.