Bioassays Based on Magnetic Recording Technology

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The objective of this research is to develop a bioassay system consisting of a low-cost disposable assay disk and a compact, portable read-out instrument - analogous to a biomolecular disk drive. The approach is to adapt magnetic recording heads from disk and tape-based storage devices for use in detecting magnetically-tagged biomolecules on removable microfluidic assay substrates. Two different types of assay substrates will be constructed using microfabrication techniques, and methods to deposit biological probe molecules onto these substrates will be developed. A DNA assay will be performed as a benchmark to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the new magnetic detection system. The results of this benchmark assay will be compared with the results of a conventional, optically-scanned DNA microarray.Intellectual merit: This project will explore the use of precision mechanical scanning for the detection of magnetically-tagged biomolecules. Micromagnetic models will be developed and refined using experimental measurements. Precision control and signal processing techniques will be investigated to enhance the sensitivity of the instrument. Surface treatments to suppress non-specific binding of the magnetic labels will be explored. Broader Impact: This project will address the growing need for compact, sensitive, bioassays that can be used for environmental fieldwork or for point-of-care medical diagnostics. The project will integrate education and research. Engineering students will be trained in interdisciplinary biotechnology research. Outreach to high-school students will be performed through the California State Summer School for Mathematics and Science (COSMOS) program.