Doctoral Dissertation Research: Lynching in the U.S. South: Incorporating the Historical Record on Race, Class, and Gender

博士论文研究：美国南部的私刑：纳入种族、阶级和性别的历史记录

• 批准号: 0602619
• 负责人: Vincent Roscigno
• 金额: $ 0.69万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602619&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Lynching; U.S.

SES: 0602619Vincent RoscignoLisa GaroutteOhio State UniversityBetween 1882 and 1930, nearly 3,000 people were lynched in the U.S. South. This phenomenon has been of long standing interest to both sociologists and historians, yet sociologists have not fully incorporated historical insights into their modeling of lynching events. This project, drawing from prior sociological and historical work, addresses issues of class, gender, and race in the case of lynching. It is innovative in so much as the dynamics of social class divisions and gender ideology, clear in the historical record, are more clearly considered in the empirical analyses presented. The researchers ask two primary research questions: (1) Does the presence of a landed elite, historically dependent on racial exploitation and division, affect the geographic likelihood of lynching? (2) In what ways did race and gender intersect and, thus, bolster these crimes and their legitimation? The investigators employ a multi-method approach, one which makes use of unique quantitative and qualitative-historical data. Quantitative data are drawn from the historical census and Project HAL. Analyses are used to identify broader race competition and social class processes that led to the occurrence of lynching in the aggregate. The selection of cases for analyses also takes into account gendered-racist justifications for the violence. Qualitative and quantitative content coding of archival material, drawn from various archives and libraries in Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Tennessee are then used to assess the ways in which local media and perpetrators used gender, race and class biases to frame actual lynching events. Such multi-method analyses will (1) improve understanding of an historically important method of subordination and social control; (2) speak to and inform sociological conceptions of class and the intersection of gender, race and class, and; (3) shed light on the formation of contemporary race relations. This project will have three broad impacts. First, undergraduate students will be trained inthe collection and coding of data. This experience will provide valuable insights into what isinvolved in social science research. Second, the analysis will be made available to the public through publication in sociological journals and professional conferences. Finally, the analysis has the potential to provide valuable insights into issues of race and crime that have contemporary relevance. Indeed, recent research indicates that the contemporary murder of African-Americans at the hands of whites is positively and significantly related to historical patterns of lynching. Research also shows that the number of death sentences, even into the contemporary era, is higherwhere lynching was used more frequently in the past.

1882年至1930年，美国南部有近3,000人被私刑处死。这一现象长期以来一直受到社会学家和历史学家的关注，但社会学家并没有完全将历史见解纳入他们对私刑事件的建模中。这个项目，从以前的社会学和历史学的工作，解决问题的阶级，性别和种族的情况下私刑。它的创新之处在于，在所提出的实证分析中，更清楚地考虑了历史记录中明确的社会阶级划分和性别意识形态的动态。 研究人员提出了两个主要的研究问题：（1）历史上依赖种族剥削和分裂的土地精英的存在是否会影响私刑的地理可能性？(2)种族和性别在哪些方面相互交织，从而助长了这些罪行及其合法化？ 调查人员采用了多方法的方法，其中一个利用独特的定量和定性历史数据。定量数据来自历史普查和HAL项目。分析被用来确定更广泛的种族竞争和社会阶层的过程，导致发生私刑的总和。在选择分析案件时，还考虑到暴力行为的性别-种族主义理由。定性和定量的内容编码的档案材料，从不同的档案馆和图书馆在格鲁吉亚，密西西比，北卡罗来纳州，田纳西州，然后用来评估当地媒体和肇事者使用性别，种族和阶级偏见，以帧实际私刑事件的方式。这种多方法分析将（1）提高对历史上重要的从属和社会控制方法的理解;（2）说话和告知阶级和性别，种族和阶级的交叉的社会学概念;（3）阐明当代种族关系的形成。 该项目将产生三大影响。首先，本科生将接受数据收集和编码方面的培训。这一经验将为社会科学研究提供有价值的见解。第二，将通过在社会学期刊和专业会议上发表的方式向公众提供分析结果。最后，这项分析有可能为具有当代意义的种族和犯罪问题提供宝贵的见解。事实上，最近的研究表明，当代白人对非裔美国人的谋杀与历史上的私刑模式有着积极和重大的关系。 研究还表明，即使到了当代，死刑判决的数量在过去私刑使用更频繁的地方也更高。