Doctoral Dissertation Research: Culture, Identity, and Politics

来自俄亥俄州立大学的Julia Miller Cantzler本研究将考察和比较美国、澳大利亚和新西兰原住民捕鱼权谈判的历史和当代过程，在这些国家，三种独特的模式已经出现并持续存在。这项研究有两个主要目的。首先是强调民族认同和文化被策略性地运用来抵抗殖民同化力量的社会机制。第二个是揭示更广泛的过程，通过这个过程，基于身份的运动可以影响主导社会的结构变化。这种比较历史研究将通过使用事件结构分析（ESA）来促进。在民族信息系统软件包的协助下，将构建具有时间敏感性的因果叙述，详细说明产生三种不同捕鱼权模式的具体以及抽象和理论驱动的过程。正如最近对社会运动的研究所表明的那样，ESA允许对事件的时间性和偶然性进行更深入、更系统的分析，而不是仅使用叙事的典型历史分析。访谈和档案资料将在惠灵顿和奥克兰（新西兰）、新南威尔士州（澳大利亚）的悉尼和堪培拉、昆士兰（澳大利亚）的凯恩斯、科罗拉多州博尔德、俄勒冈州波特兰和华盛顿州奥林匹亚的法律图书馆、土著法律中心和土著渔业委员会收集。这个项目将在几个方面促进社会学知识的发展。首先，这些分析将阐明关于种族的法律建构以及种族和民族类别和意义系统的性质的更一般的社会学话语。其次，该研究提供了一个独特的机会来揭示文化意义系统影响行为和物质影响现有权力结构的动态过程。最后，本研究将填补社会运动文献的空白，将政治过程的概念与“集体认同”和“文化”这两个看似二分的概念联系起来。这项研究将对目前卷入控制自然和文化资源斗争的土著和国家行为者产生实际的政策影响。通过揭示在这三个国家背景下形成土著国家关系的不断演变的权力动态和结构约束，本研究将揭示政策层面解决土著捕鱼权冲突的环境机遇和障碍，以及土著人民基于主权的其他主张。希望这一资料将有助于消除阻碍为这些正在进行的争端达成相互满意的解决办法的障碍。

SES-0727183Vincent J. Roscigno Julia Miller Cantzler The Ohio State UniversityThis study will examine and compare the historical and contemporary processes through which aboriginal fishing rights have been negotiated in the United States, Australia and New Zealand, where three unique patterns have emerged and persist. This study has two primary aims. The first is to highlight the social mechanisms through which ethnic identity and culture are strategically wielded to resist forces of colonial assimilation. The second is to reveal the broader processes through which identity-based movements can affect structural changes in the dominant society. This comparative historical study will be facilitated by the use of event structure analysis (ESA). With the assistance of the ETHNO software package, temporally sensitive causal narratives will be constructed, which will detail both the specific as well as the abstract and theoretically-driven processes that produced the three divergent patterns of fishing rights. As demonstrated in recent studies of social movements, ESA permits a deeper, more systematic analysis of the temporality and contingency of events than is typical for historical analyses employing narrative alone. Interview and archival data will be collected at law libraries, indigenous law centers and indigenous fisheries commissions in Wellington and Auckland (New Zealand), Sydney and Canberra, NSW (Australia), Cairns, Queensland (Australia), Boulder, Colorado, Portland, Oregon and Olympia, Washington. This project will advance sociological knowledge in several ways. First, the analyses will illuminate more general sociological discourses on the legal construction of race and the nature of racial and ethnic categories and meaning-systems. Second, the research provides a unique opportunity to expose the dynamic processes through which cultural meaning-systems both affect action and materially impact existing power structures. Finally, the study will fill a void in the social movement literature by specifically linking conceptions of political process with seemingly dichotomous notions of "collective identity" and "culture." This study will have on-the-ground, policy implications for indigenous and state actors currently embroiled in struggles for control over natural and cultural resources. By exposing the evolving power dynamics and structural constraints that shape indigenous-state relations in these three national contexts, this study will reveal the contextual opportunities and obstacles for policy-level resolutions of conflicts over indigenous fishing rights, as well as other sovereignty-based claims of aboriginal people. It is hoped that this information will help dismantle the barriers that inhibit the achievement of mutually satisfactory resolutions of these ongoing disputes.