Doctoral Dissertation Research: Feeding Bogota; New and Old Retailers and the Transformation of Urban Food Provisioning in Colombia

博士论文研究：喂养波哥大；

• 批准号: 0602703
• 负责人: Michael Watts
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602703&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Feeding; Bogota

After the dismantling of protectionist policies under the umbrella of "structural adjustment" in the 1990s, Latin America has experienced a difficult transition to an outward-oriented growth strategy. As the price of traditional agro-exports declines, Latin American countries struggle to compete in international markets by offering specialized and higher value-added products. Domestically, deregulation and liberalization of the agro-food chain has redefined the dynamics of food consumption and production. This study will examine the emergence of such the changing agro-food chain in Bogota, Colombia's capital and largest city. As in other Latin American cities, a hallmark of this change has been the rising dominance of national and transnational supermarkets. However, the expansion of mega-retailers in Bogota has been stymied by the persistence of small neighborhood ("mom-n-pop") stores. How to explain this persistence? This research seeks to answer this question through a three-part argument: 1) that since the early 1990s Colombia's agro-food system has been restructured in the context of domestic and international neoliberal reforms; 2) that injection of foreign capital has allowed for unprecedented expansion in the number, size and concentration of supermarkets in Bogota; and 3) that mom-n-pop stores continue to thrive in the context of this modernizing trend, indicating either enduring social and economic inequality or specific attributes of particular food commodities. Empirical data will come from archival research and interviews. The rise of a "neoliberal food order" (including the surge of supermarkets) will be documented for the 1995-2005 period using national and city level data from both government and non-government sources. Additional information will be collected through interviews with executives of transnational retailers as well as owners and users of mom-n-pop stores to document the perceptions, ideas and attitudes towards this modernizing trend in food retailing. By studying old and new forms of retailing within the broader context of national and international reforms, this project will provide a concrete example of the impact of neoliberal restructuring in a Latin American city. This study will draw from - and contribute to - theoretical fields such as political economy, retail geography and urban development studies, advancing the knowledge of central issues within the discipline of geography. Apart from its theoretical significance, this project speaks directly to debates of critical social importance. The study of how Bogota's food provisioning system has been restructured will provide crucial evidence and insights to inform public policy at the national and city government levels in relation to food security and retailing regulation, which have relevance beyond the Colombian case.

1990年代在“结构调整”的保护下取消了保护主义政策之后，拉丁美洲经历了向外向型增长战略的艰难过渡。随着传统农产品出口价格的下降，拉丁美洲国家通过提供专业化和附加值更高的产品，努力在国际市场上竞争。在国内，农业食品链的放松管制和自由化重新界定了粮食消费和生产的动态。这项研究将探讨这种变化的农业食品链在波哥大，哥伦比亚的首都和最大的城市出现。与其他拉丁美洲城市一样，这一变化的一个标志是国内和跨国超市的主导地位不断上升。然而，波哥大大型零售商的扩张一直受到社区小商店（“妈妈-n-pop”）的阻碍。如何解释这种执着？这项研究试图通过三部分的论点来回答这个问题：（1）自1990年代初以来，哥伦比亚的农业食品系统在国内和国际新自由主义改革的背景下进行了重组;（2）外国资本的注入使波哥大超市的数量、规模和集中度空前扩大; 3）夫妻店在这种现代化趋势的背景下继续蓬勃发展，这表明社会和经济不平等现象持续存在，或者特定食品的特定属性。经验数据将来自档案研究和访谈。1995-2005年期间“新自由主义食品秩序”的兴起（包括超级市场的激增）将利用政府和非政府来源提供的国家和城市一级的数据加以记录。通过采访跨国零售商的管理人员以及夫妻店的所有者和用户，将收集更多的信息，以记录对食品零售现代化趋势的看法、想法和态度。通过在国家和国际改革的大背景下研究新旧零售形式，该项目将提供一个具体例子，说明新自由主义重组对拉丁美洲城市的影响。这项研究将借鉴-并有助于-理论领域，如政治经济学，零售地理学和城市发展研究，推进地理学科内的中心问题的知识。除了其理论意义外，这个项目还直接涉及具有关键社会重要性的辩论。研究波哥大的粮食供应系统是如何重组的，将提供重要的证据和见解，为国家和市政府一级有关粮食安全和零售监管的公共政策提供信息，这些政策的相关性超出了哥伦比亚的情况。