Doctoral Dissertation Research: Participatory Cities? The Sexual Politics of Waste in Dakar, Senegal

博士论文研究：参与城市？

• 批准号: 0602843
• 负责人: Michael Watts
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602843&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Participatory; Cities

The rise of neoliberalism as a development paradigm has brought to the fore a constellation of ideas promoting community-based development strategies. Spearheaded by a variety of institutional sources, these approaches dominate contemporary development policy in Africa and are increasingly being employed in the provision of urban public services of water, housing upgrades, and waste management. The impacts and implications of participatory development, however, are the subject of intense debate. This doctoral dissertation project interrogates the empowerment claims of participatory development through examining the sexual politics of community-based waste projects in Dakar, Senegal. It will compare divergent neighborhood outcomes"ranging from complete abandonment to long-term expansion" of women-led trash collection projects initiated by a Senegalese NGO in three severely under-serviced, socio-economically similar Lebou neighborhoods on the periphery of Dakar. Using participant observation, surveys, archival research, mapping of waste practices, and in-depth interviews with project leaders, household members, and leaders of civic and public institutions, the project will be conducted in two phases. The first phase will establish the gendered discourses surrounding waste and thus how cultural meanings surrounding waste shape the socio-spatial organization of waste-work and thus the political landscape of waste management. The second phase builds on the first through a comparative analysis of struggles around three key variables in each neighborhood: Islam, gender roles, and the role of the local state, expressed through the discursive idiom of waste. Through exposing the contours of the local political economy of waste, the project will reveal the landscape of benefit and responsibility in these projects and thus shed light on the very different outcomes in each neighborhood and their empowerment implications. This project probes the empowerment claims of community-based trash collection projects in order to lend insight into participation as a primary strategy for urban development in Africa. This study asserts the political nature of participatory development projects and places local political contestation at the conjuncture of intra-household dynamics and larger political-economic forces. As such, it promises to lend insight into development policy and practice as well as a wide-ranging set of questions regarding urban governance in the exploding metropolises of the global South. Furthermore, it will contribute to development debates on civil society and the state as well as geographical approaches considering place, gender, and particularly, African trajectories within the uneven expressions of neoliberal globalization. This award is co-funded by NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering.

新自由主义作为一种发展模式的兴起，使一系列促进以社区为基础的发展战略的思想脱颖而出。 在各种体制来源的推动下，这些方法主导着非洲当代的发展政策，并越来越多地用于提供水、住房升级和废物管理等城市公共服务。然而，参与性发展的影响和意义是激烈辩论的主题。 本博士论文项目通过研究塞内加尔达喀尔社区废物处理项目的性政治，探讨参与式发展的赋权主张。 它将比较不同的社区结果“从完全放弃到长期扩展”的妇女领导的垃圾收集项目，该项目由塞内加尔非政府组织在达喀尔周边三个服务严重不足，社会经济相似的Lebou社区发起。 该项目将分两个阶段进行，利用参与者观察、调查、档案研究、废物做法绘图以及与项目领导人、家庭成员以及民间和公共机构领导人的深入访谈。 第一阶段将建立围绕废物的性别话语，从而围绕废物的文化意义如何塑造废物工作的社会空间组织，从而塑造废物管理的政治格局。 第二阶段建立在第一阶段的基础上，通过比较分析每个社区围绕三个关键变量的斗争：伊斯兰教，性别角色和地方政府的角色，通过废物的话语习语表达。 通过揭示当地废物政治经济的轮廓，该项目将揭示这些项目中的利益和责任，从而揭示每个社区的不同结果及其赋权影响。 该项目探讨了社区垃圾收集项目的赋权主张，以便深入了解参与作为非洲城市发展的主要战略。 这项研究肯定了参与性发展项目的政治性质，并将地方政治支持置于家庭内部动态和更大的政治经济力量的结合点。 因此，它有望使人们深入了解发展政策和实践，以及全球南方爆炸性大都市中有关城市治理的一系列广泛问题。 此外，它将有助于关于民间社会和国家的发展辩论，以及考虑到地点、性别，特别是新自由主义全球化不均衡表现形式中的非洲轨迹的地理方法。该奖项由NSF国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。