Non-Equilibrium and Non-Linear Structure and Dynamics of Soft Materials

软材料的非平衡非线性结构与动力学

• 批准号: 0602684
• 负责人: David Weitz
• 金额: $ 52万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602684&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Non; Equilibrium; Linear; Structure; Dynamics

Technical Abstract:Materials are typically characterized by their linear properties; for example, linear viscoelastic measurements are a powerful measure of structure-property relationships. However, many soft materials exhibit highly non-linear behavior which necessitates a fundamentally different way of investigating the behavior. The non-equilibrium and non-linear properties of soft materials is often of particular importance in technological applications. Similarly, biological materials are also often dominated by non-equilibrium behavior due to the large number of chemical reactions that burn energy to sustain life. This research will investigate non-linear and non-equilibrium behavior of important classes of materials, including biopolymer networks, gels of complex fluids and structured materials formed with microfluidic devices. New methods to probe and describe these properties will be developed. The work will be closely coupled to industrial collaborators, allowing students and post docs to gain valuable experience with technology and to directly contribute to the country's economic competitiveness. The participants will include undergraduate and graduate students and post docs, helping to train the next generation of the country's scientists. All participants will become part of a vibrant and interactive research community that has been established in the Boston area.Non-technical abstract:A traditional means of characterizing a material is to measure its properties under quiescent conditions, where its response to a very small perturbation is determined. This has proven to be a powerful principle of material science. However, many materials exist under much more extreme conditions. The goal of this research project is to develop qualitatively new methods to study materials under conditions that mimic their behavior in the real world, where they are subjected to very large perturbations. For example, the stability and aging of technologically important materials will be investigated. In addition, the mechanics of the protein networks that provide rigidity to living cells will be explored. The work will be closely coupled to industrial collaborators, allowing students and post docs to gain valuable experience with technology and to directly contribute to the country's economic competitiveness. The participants will include undergraduate and graduate students and post docs, helping to train the next generation of the country's scientists. All participants will become part of a vibrant and interactive research community that has been established in the Boston area.

技术摘要：材料的典型特征是其线性特性;例如，线性粘弹性测量是结构-性能关系的有力测量。然而，许多软材料表现出高度非线性的行为，这需要从根本上不同的方式来研究的行为。 软材料的非平衡和非线性特性在技术应用中通常特别重要。类似地，生物材料也常常由非平衡行为主导，这是由于大量的化学反应燃烧能量来维持生命。 这项研究将研究重要类别材料的非线性和非平衡行为，包括生物聚合物网络，复杂流体的凝胶和微流体装置形成的结构材料。 将开发新的方法来探测和描述这些属性。 这项工作将与工业合作者紧密结合，使学生和博士后能够获得宝贵的技术经验，并直接为国家的经济竞争力做出贡献。 参与者将包括本科生、研究生和博士后，帮助培养该国的下一代科学家。 所有参与者将成为一个充满活力和互动的研究社区，已在波士顿地区建立的一部分。非技术摘要：表征材料的传统方法是在静态条件下测量其性能，其中确定其对非常小的扰动的响应。 这已被证明是材料科学的一个强有力的原则。 然而，许多材料存在于更极端的条件下。 该研究项目的目标是开发定性的新方法，以在模仿材料在真实的世界中的行为的条件下研究材料，在那里它们受到非常大的扰动。 例如，将研究技术上重要的材料的稳定性和老化。 此外，将探索为活细胞提供刚性的蛋白质网络的机制。 这项工作将与工业合作者紧密结合，使学生和博士后能够获得宝贵的技术经验，并直接为国家的经济竞争力做出贡献。 参与者将包括本科生、研究生和博士后，帮助培养该国的下一代科学家。 所有参与者都将成为波士顿地区建立的充满活力和互动的研究社区的一部分。