Landscapes of Romanticism, Sites of Heritage and Monuments to Nationalism: Nineteenth-century Geographies of Tourism, Archaeology and Italianita in the Colosseum and Roman Forum

浪漫主义景观、遗产地和民族主义纪念碑：十九世纪斗兽场和罗马广场的旅游、考古和意大利地理学

• 批准号: 0603172
• 负责人: Robert Ostergren
• 金额: $ 1.17万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0603172&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Landscapes; Romanticism; Sites; Heritage; Monuments

Examination of the interplay between tourism and nationalism has become a recent avenue of inquiry in the social sciences and humanities, wherein the geographical manifestation of national identities (such as monuments and national heritage sites) can be seen as constructed and maintained through tourism's celebration, consumption and reification of place. Similar theoretical connections have been made in linking national identity to archaeology, highlighting the role of a materialized heritage in solidifying collective national memories and histories. Building off of these two strands of scholarship, this project examines the evolving material treatment and symbolic importance of Rome's Colosseum and Roman Forum during the nineteenth century - a key period which saw the unification of the Italian State. The project explores how foreign tourism networks, directly connected with burgeoning archaeological academies, influenced Italian understanding of these landscapes and informed the transformation of these sites from maltreated ruins into heritage monuments representative of a unifying national identity of Italianita' (Italian-ness). The project asks the fundamental question: what agency did foreigners' ideas and enactments of landscape and cultural heritage have over host appreciations of the same geographies, and how did this dialog take place? To do this, the project uses discourse and content analysis of key tourism and archaeological correspondence archives, such as the Papal Antiquities Commission and the Italian State Archaeological Ministry. As many of the examined materials in these archives have yet to be digested in published form, this project is envisioned as a significant empirical contribution to scholarship on archaeology, tourism, and Italy. This project is also envisioned as having a theoretical contribution to our conceptualization of how tourism can shape national identities. The project also opens further approaches to the study of national identity, highlighting the need to examine supra-national actors and processes as key agents in shaping the form and focus of localized nationalisms. The broader significance of the project lies in this theoretical problemization of tourism, archaeology, and national identity. Tourism is a complex economic, social, cultural and political process that dramatically influences people and places across the earth; and it is important to understand how this widespread phenomenon informs notions of national identity. Deeper understanding, for example, of heritage tourism and the complex role of UNESCO sites will benefit future awareness of the cultural and political ramifications of international tourism. Governments often actively promote international tourism as a means of economic development, yet we often lack a full understanding of the non-economic results of these processes. By illustrating a past case of how tourism influenced previous cultures of national identity, this project offers lessons for contemporary tourism policy interested in questioning the varied impacts of this dynamic social process.

对旅游业与民族主义之间的相互作用的检查已成为最近在社会科学和人文科学中进行询问的途径，在这种途径中，可以将民族认同的地理表现（例如古迹和国家遗产）视为通过旅游业的庆祝，消费，消费，场所的庆祝和重新认可。 将民族认同与考古学联系起来，突出了物有所值的遗产在巩固集体的民族记忆和历史中的作用，也建立了类似的理论联系。 该项目在这两条奖学金的基础上，研究了19世纪罗马罗马和罗马论坛的不断发展的材料待遇和象征意义，这是一个关键时期，这是意大利国家的统一。 该项目探讨了外国旅游网络如何直接与新兴的考古学院联系起来，影响了对这些景观的理解，并告知这些地点从虐待的废墟转变为代表意大利人（Italianita'（意大利语））的遗产纪念碑。 该项目提出了一个基本问题：外国人对景观和文化遗产的思想和颁布对同一地理的欣赏，这是什么代理人的景观和文化遗产的构成，该对话是如何进行的？ 为此，该项目使用了主要的旅游和考古通信档案的话语和内容分析，例如教皇古物委员会和意大利国家考古部。 由于这些档案中的许多检查材料尚未以出版的形式消化，因此该项目被认为是对考古，旅游业和意大利奖学金的重要经验贡献。 该项目还设想为对我们对旅游业如何塑造民族身份的概念化有理论贡献。 该项目还为研究民族认同的研究开辟了进一步的方法，强调了将上市参与者和过程作为塑造本地民族主义形式和重点的关键代理的必要性。该项目的更广泛的意义在于旅游业，考古学和民族认同的理论问题。 旅游业是一个复杂的经济，社会，文化和政治进程，极大地影响着地球人的人们和地点。重要的是要了解这种普遍现象如何为民族认同的观念提供信息。 例如，更深入地了解遗产旅游业和联合国教科文组织遗址的复杂作用将使未来对国际旅游业文化和政治影响的认识。 政府通常会积极促进国际旅游业作为经济发展的一种手段，但我们通常缺乏对这些过程的非经济结果的完全理解。 通过说明过去的案例，即旅游业如何影响以前的民族认同文化，该项目为当代旅游政策提供了兴趣质疑这种动态社会过程的各种影响的当代旅游政策的课程。