Collaborative SGER: Disaster Vulnerability in Relation to Poverty in the Katrina Event: Reconnaissance Survey and Preliminary Analysis

协作 SGER：卡特里娜飓风事件中与贫困相关的灾害脆弱性：勘察和初步分析

• 批准号: 0606606
• 负责人: Andrew Smyth
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0606606&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; SGER; Disaster; Vulnerability; Relation

The aim of this research is to determine the vulnerability in the Katrina event of the poorest sectors of New Orleans, to identify interventions that might potentially speed up or hinder the recovery process and, based on our observations, to suggest policies that will reduce risk exposure to future disasters. Vulnerability to natural hazards appears through weaknesses in the complex relations that humans have with their built and natural environment. In particular, we will analyze four systems and their interactions: the poor of New Orleans, the infrastructure in the parishes where they live, the financial and risk transfer tools available to them, and the natural resources that they use for their livelihood.This study is composed of three phases. In the first, we will survey the infrastructure systems and their failures. In the second, we will consider a set of study cases of small businesses in these economically depressed areas and, through surveys and personal interviews, we will determine their disaster preparedness level as well as the usage of their environment to carry out their normal activity previous to the impact of Katrina. This information will allow us to preliminarily assess the vulnerability of the economic structure. In the third phase, as we monitor the return of these businesses, we will test existing theories of recovery and pinpoint milestones in the process that show exceptional success or failure. As the reconstruction progresses, these observations will help us formulate recommendations for more efficient policies to reduce future vulnerability and to encourage speedier post-disaster recoveries.

本研究的目的是确定新奥尔良最贫困地区在卡特里娜飓风事件中的脆弱性，确定可能加速或阻碍恢复过程的干预措施，并根据我们的观察，提出减少未来灾害风险的政策建议。对自然灾害的脆弱性表现为人类与其建筑环境和自然环境之间复杂关系中的弱点。特别是，我们将分析四个系统及其相互作用：新奥尔良的穷人，他们居住的教区的基础设施，他们可用的金融和风险转移工具，以及他们赖以为生的自然资源。本研究分为三个阶段。首先，我们将调查基础设施系统及其故障。第二，我们将考虑这些经济萧条地区的小企业的一组研究案例，并通过调查和个人访谈，我们将确定他们的备灾水平以及在卡特里娜飓风影响之前使用他们的环境来开展正常活动。这一信息将使我们能够初步评估经济结构的脆弱性。在第三阶段，当我们监控这些业务的回报时，我们将测试现有的恢复理论，并确定过程中显示异常成功或失败的里程碑。随着重建工作的进展，这些观察结果将有助于我们制定更有效的政策建议，以减少未来的脆弱性，并鼓励加快灾后恢复。