US-GLOBEC: NWA Georges Bank: Impacts of climate and basin-scale variability on the seeding and production of Calanus finmarchicus in the Gulf of Maine/Georges Bank region

将乔治斯海岸、斯科特大陆架、斜坡海和美因湾的生态系统与气候变异性引起的、北大西洋涛动等大尺度大气影响引起的流域规模环流变化联系起来的过程似乎在数十年和年际时间尺度上都发生了。该项目旨在阐明北大西洋西部盆地内环流的这些多年变化如何影响Finmarchicus，特别是其向乔治斯浅滩的转移。这将通过数值模式模拟和观测资料的结合来完成。主要任务包括：(1)建立和运行西北大西洋基于个体的模式(IBM)，使用从正在进行的涡旋分辨北大西洋模拟获得的对应于高NAO(1980-1993)和低NAO(1962-1971)周期的物理场，以了解该地区Finmarchicus Calanus finmarchicus播种和生产的数十年变化；(2)在1988-1999年期间，从已经存在的高NAO模拟(来自正在进行的NASA项目)开始，进行涡旋分辨流域尺度模式模拟，并运行IBM来研究该地区的黄鳍金鱼播种和生产的年际变化；(3)分析长期的现场物理和生物数据集和卫星获取的海面温度(SST)以及在GLOBEC岩心测量期间(1995-1999年)收集的现场物理、生物和化学数据，以验证盆地尺度的物理和生物场，并加深对该区域黄曲霉播种和生产的更广泛的理解；(4)利用1993-1999年间的盆地尺度场和现有资料建立了4维高分辨率(5公里)物理场，并进行了一系列高分辨率的IBM模拟，以解决研究区生态系统变化与NAO大尺度波动之间的关系。通过GLOBEC的综合努力，这项研究将加强对大尺度气候和流域尺度强迫对NWA/GB地区区域生态系统的科学理解。将对两名研究生进行培训。成果将在科学出版物和国家会议上的专题介绍中传播，而示范产出和几个增值领域将通过一个与GLOBEC乔治斯银行网站链接的网站提供。

The processes linking the ecosystems of Georges Bank, Scotian Shelf, Slope Sea and Gulf of Main to climate variability-induced, basin-scale circulation changes caused by large-scale atmospheric effects such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) appear to occur over both multi-decadal and interannual time scales. This project aims to elucidate how these multi-year changes in circulation within the western North Atlantic basin affect C. finmarchicus, specifically its transport onto Georges Bank. This will be accomplished via a combination of numerical model simulations and observational data.Primary tasks include: (1) Setting up and running an individual based model (IBM) for the Northwest Atlantic, using physical fields corresponding to the high-NAO (1980-1993) and low-NAO (1962-1971) periods obtained from an ongoing eddy-resolving North Atlantic simulation to understand multidecadal variability of Calanus finmarchicus seeding and production in this region; (2) Performing eddy-resolving basin-scale model simulations during 1988-1999 starting from already existing high-NAO simulations (from an ongoing NASA project) and run the IBM to study the interannual variability of C. finmarchicus seeding and production in this region; (3) Analyzing long-term in-situ physical and biological datasets and satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) along with in-situ physical, biological, and chemical data collected during the GLOBEC core-measurement period (1995-1999) to validate the basin-scale physical and biological fields and develop a broader understanding of C. finmarchicus seeding and production; (4) Generating four-dimensional high-resolution (5-km) physical fields using basin-scale fields and available data during 1993-1999, and running a series of IBM simulations at higher resolution in order to address questions relating ecosystem variability in the study regions to the large-scale fluctuations of the NAO.Within the GLOBEC synthesis effort, this study will enhance the scientific understanding of large-scale climatic and basin-scale forcing on the regional ecosystem of the NWA/GB region. Two graduate students will be trained. Results will be disseminated in scientific publications and presentations at national conferences while model output and several value-added fields will be made available via a website linked to the GLOBEC Georges Bank website.