Tropical-extratropical Interactions in a Hierarchy of Atmospheric Models

将构建一系列理想化的大气大尺度模型。这些模型的范围从准地转β平面模型，到球体上的干燥原始方程模型，再到球体上的理想化潮湿原始方程模型，所有这些模型都具有纬向对称的气候。这些模型将被用来研究大气环流理论中的一些问题，这些问题既与气候变化研究有关，也与天气和气候预报模型的发展有关。要研究的动力学问题分为两类：1)中纬度急流位置对Hadley环流强度、地面摩擦强度、平流层极涡、对流层顶高度和大气中水汽含量等因素的敏感性；2)热带环流特征，如Hadley环流和热带辐合带(ITCZ)位置对高、低纬地球能量平衡扰动的敏感性。总体目标是帮助缩小理想化的大气环流理论和用综合大气环流模式实践的高端模式之间的差距。模型的层次结构将作为资源提供给社区。这种资源对大学社区的教育和研究都有价值，特别是对年轻的研究人员和那些模式开发资源有限的人。

A hierarchy of idealized large-scale models of the atmosphere will be constructed. The models range from quasi-geostrophic beta-plane models, to dry primitive equation models on the sphere, to idealized moist primitive equation models on the sphere, all with zonally symmetric climates. These models will be used to study a number of problems in general circulation theory that are relevant to both climate change studies and to weather and climate forecast model development. The dynamical problems to be studied fall into two classes: 1) the sensitivity of the position of the mid-latitude jet streams to such factors as the strength of the Hadley cell, the strength of surface friction, the stratospheric polar vortex, the tropopause height, and the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere; and 2) the sensitivity of the strength of tropical circulation features such as the Hadley cell and the position of the InterTropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to perturbations to the Earth's energy balance in both high and low latitudes. The overall goal is to help close the gap between idealized theories of the general circulation and the high-end modeling that is practiced with comprehensive general circulation models.The hierarchy of models will be made available as a resource to the community. This resource should be of value for education in the university community, as well as to research, particularly to young researchers and those with limited model development resources.