The Power Balance of Plasmas at Extreme High Pressure

摘要美国国家科学基金会提案号：cts -0613277首席研究员：Lawler， James e .隶属机构：威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校提案题目：极高压下等离子体的功率平衡本项目由美国国家科学基金会/美国能源部基础等离子体科学与工程伙伴关系资助。该项目将尝试在1kbar（1000大气压）的极高压（EHP）范围内对等离子体科学进行实验和理论研究。主要的研究目标是发展对汞（Hg）稳态kbar等离子体功率平衡的定量、微观理解。辐射控制着EHP等离子体的功率平衡，因此了解电磁辐射与这种等离子体的相互作用对主要目标至关重要。汞和其他原子气体中的低压等离子体主要发射原子线辐射。随着等离子体中总压力的增加，原子线变得更宽，连续过程贡献了更大比例的辐射。当压力接近1kbar时，将很少有可识别的原子线，连续过程将占主导地位。在智力上，该项目的主要贡献将是将低温或非聚变等离子体科学领域推进到一个很少被研究的参数空间领域。就这项工作的广泛影响而言，其好处将体现在重要的照明技术和科学上。照明消耗约25%的电能。改进的光源对美国社会有很大的价值，因为它有助于解决经济和国家安全问题，因为我们越来越依赖石油和天然气进口；对人类有更大的价值，因为它有助于解决主要的能源和环境问题。现代荧光灯和金属卤化物HID灯（120流明/瓦）的效率至少是白炽灯（20流明/瓦）的6倍。低压钠灯达到200流明/瓦，但显色指数非常低。目前还没有已知的理论障碍，以发展放电等离子体光源具有良好的颜色和效率在200至300流明/瓦范围内。目前使用的是200巴的特种灯。在kbar范围内工作的EHP汞灯可能有潜力成为有效的白光光源。该项目将包括从事重要等离子体科学研究的研究生和/或博士后。该计划的外展活动包括在中小学举办有关照明科学和能源效率的讲座。

ABSTRACTNational Science FoundationProposal Number: CTS-0613277Principal Investigator: Lawler, James E.Affiliation: University of Wisconsin-MadisonProposal Title: The Power Balance of Plasmas at Extreme High PressureThis project was funded through the NSF/DOE Partnership in Basic Plasma Science and Engineering. The project will attempt an experimental and theoretical study of plasma science in the Extreme High Pressure (EHP) range of 1 kbar (1000 atmospheres pressure). The primary research goal is the development of a quantitative, microscopic understanding of the power balance of steady-state kbar plasmas in mercury (Hg). Radiation controls the power balance of EHP plasmas, and thus an understanding of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with such plasmas is crucial to the primary goal. Low pressure plasmas in Hg and other atomic gases emit primarily atomic line radiation. As the total pressure in the plasma is increased, atomic lines become broader and continuum processes contribute a larger fraction of the radiation. As the pressures approaches a kbar, there will be few recognizable atomic lines and continuum processes will dominate. Intellectually, the project's main contributions will be to advance the field of low temperature or non-fusion plasma science into a little studied region of parameter space.With respect to the Broader Impacts of the work, the benefits will be in the important technology and science of lighting. Lighting consumes ~25% of all electrical energy. Improved light sources are of great value to U. S. society by helping address economic and national security problems from our increasing reliance on oil & gas imports, and are of greater value to humanity by helping address major energy and environmental problems. Modern fluorescent and Metal Halide HID lamps (120 lumen/Watt) are at least six times as efficient as incandescent lamps ( 20 lumen/Watt). Low pressure sodium lamps achieve 200 lumen/Watt but have very low Color Rendering Indices. There are no known theoretical barriers to the development of discharge plasma light sources with good color and with efficacies in the 200 to 300 lumen/Watt range. Specialty lamps operating at 200 bar are in use today. An EHP Hg lamp operating in the kbar range could have potential as an efficient white light source. The project will involve graduate students and/or post docs in important plasma science research. Outreach activities under this program will include talks on lighting science and energy efficiency at primary and secondary schools.