Biprism ion-interferometry with charged atoms and molecules for the measurement of the Aharonov-Bohm effects for particles with inner structure

带电原子和分子的双棱镜离子干涉测量法，用于测量具有内部结构的粒子的阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆效应

• 批准号: 177931739
• 负责人: Dr. Alexander Stibor
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Physikalisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Independent Junior Research Groups
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/177931739?language=en
• 关键词: Biprism; ion; interferometry; charged; atoms

Experiments with matter-waves of coherent, free electrons are currently an expanding field of research. This is motivated by numerous technological innovations concerning the beam source, the beam manipulation and the detection. The aim of this Emmy Noether-project is the application of interferometry with electrons and ions in context to Aharonov-Bohm physics, sensor technology and decoherence. For that reason a biprism-interferometer for helium and hydrogen will be realized. A coherent and intensive single-atom tip beam source was implemented for the first time in a biprism-interferometer, where the origin of the emission is only a single atom. Furthermore a method was developed to reduce the influence of dephasing perturbations, such as mechanical and electromagnetic oscillations or temperature drifts, by a correlation analysis of the spatial and temporal particle coordinates obtained by the detector. In the course of the previous Emmy Noether-project numerous technical challenges have been solved to enable the measurement of ion-interferences during the year of extension. An ion-interferometer in principle allows for the first direct verification of the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect. Detailed simulations indicate that it is necessary to separate the beam path in the interferometer coherently by 100 µm with three biprisms. The necessary components are already manufactured and will be implemented within the year of extension. In a further experimental setup the decoherence of an electronic superposition state by Coulomb-interaction near a metallic surface in dependence of its temperature will be studied and compared to current decoherence theories. The determined decoherence time has important technical applications, for instance in the realization of a quantum electron microscope.

相干自由电子物质波实验目前是一个不断扩大的研究领域。这是由有关光束源、光束操纵和检测的众多技术创新推动的。艾美·诺特项目的目标是将电子和离子干涉测量技术应用于阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆物理、传感器技术和退相干。因此，将实现用于氦和氢的双棱镜干涉仪。首次在双棱镜干涉仪中实现了相干且密集的单原子尖端光束源，其中发射源仅为单个原子。此外，还开发了一种方法，通过对探测器获得的空间和时间粒子坐标进行相关分析，减少移相扰动（例如机械和电磁振荡或温度漂移）的影响。在之前的艾美诺特项目过程中，解决了许多技术挑战，以便能够在延长的一年内测量离子干扰。原则上，离子干涉仪可以首次直接验证电阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆效应。详细的模拟表明，需要用三个双棱镜将干涉仪中的光路相干地分开 100 µm。必要的组件已经制造出来，并将在延期一年内实施。在进一步的实验装置中，将研究金属表面附近库仑相互作用导致的电子叠加态的退相干与其温度的关系，并与当前的退相干理论进行比较。确定的退相干时间具有重要的技术应用，例如在量子电子显微镜的实现中。

项目成果

Biprism electron interferometry with a single atom tip source.

使用单原子尖端源的双棱镜电子干涉测量

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.02.003
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Ultramicroscopy
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: G. Schütz;A. Rembold;A. Pooch;S. Meier;P. Schneeweiss;A. Rauschenbeutel;A. Günther;W.T. Chang;I.S. Hwang;A. Stibor
• 通讯作者: A. Stibor

Correction of dephasing oscillations in matter-wave interferometry

物质波干涉测量中相移振荡的校正

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.89.033635
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: A. Rembold;G. Schütz;W.T. Chang;A. Stefanov;A. Pooch;I.S. Hwang;A. Günther;A. Stibor
• 通讯作者: A. Stibor