Common and Distinct Reward and Punishment Systems in the Human Brain
人脑中常见和独特的奖励和惩罚系统
基本信息
- 批准号:0617174
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.81万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2006
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2006-09-01 至 2010-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In the course of everyday life, people are frequently faced with decisions between different goals. Often these involve choices between different types of rewards. For example, should I spend extra hours at work to get that salary bonus, or should I spend that time instead to be with my family? In order to develop an understanding of how the brain computes decisions between different types of reward it is necessary to first determine how each of these different types of reward are represented in the brain. The goals of this project are to determine whether different rewards are represented in different brain areas, and whether there also exists a system that responds similarly to different types of reward. With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. John O'Doherty and colleagues at the California Institute of Technology will address these questions by using brain imaging techniques (functional magnetic resonance imaging) to probe neural responses to rewards and punishments in a number of key brain regions known to be involved in processing of emotional responses and rewards, including the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, ventral striatum and anterior insula. A series of experiments will be conducted during which human volunteers will be presented with two different types of reward and punishment: juice (pleasant and aversive) and money (wins and losses), interleaved within the same experiments. These responses will then be compared directly to test for regions responding to both types of reward or punishment, as well as to determine regions that respond exclusively to one or other type. Brain responses will be measured not only to the receipt of reward, but also to their expectation. This work will result in a more comprehensive picture of reward and punishment representations in the human brain. The research could also provide insights into the mechanisms underlying complex decision making behaviors that depend on integration of different types of reward information. The findings generated by this research could help elucidate the fundamental learning mechanisms that underlie all motivated behaviors. Such findings could have a significant impact on fields outside cognitive neuroscience such as economics and decision theory. This research could also lead to the development of novel techniques to help people make better decisions, or improve learning and skill acquisition through the use of reinforcement. The funding from this application will be used to support a new research group at Caltech which can provide research training opportunities for undergraduate, graduate and post-doctoral trainees in cognitive neuroscience and brain imaging.
在日常生活中,人们经常面临不同目标之间的抉择。这些通常涉及在不同类型的奖励之间进行选择。例如,我应该花更多的时间在工作上拿到工资奖金,还是应该把这些时间花在和家人在一起?为了理解大脑如何计算不同类型的奖励之间的决定,有必要首先确定这些不同类型的奖励在大脑中是如何表示的。这个项目的目标是确定不同的大脑区域是否存在不同的奖励,以及是否也存在一个对不同类型的奖励做出类似反应的系统。在国家科学基金会的支持下,John O‘Doherty博士和加州理工学院的同事们将通过使用脑成像技术(功能磁共振成像)来探索一些关键大脑区域对奖励和惩罚的神经反应,这些区域包括杏仁核、眶前皮质、腹侧纹状体和前岛,这些区域涉及情绪反应和奖励的处理。将进行一系列实验,在此期间,人类志愿者将被给予两种不同类型的奖励和惩罚:果汁(令人愉快和厌恶)和金钱(赢和输),在相同的实验中交织在一起。然后,将直接比较这些响应,以测试对两种类型的奖励或惩罚做出反应的地区,以及确定只对一种或另一种类型做出反应的地区。大脑的反应将不仅是对奖励的接受,也是对他们的期望的衡量。这项工作将使人们对人脑中的奖惩表征有一个更全面的了解。这项研究还可以为复杂决策行为背后的机制提供洞察,这些行为依赖于不同类型的奖励信息的整合。这项研究产生的发现有助于阐明所有动机行为背后的基本学习机制。这些发现可能会对认知神经科学以外的领域产生重大影响,比如经济学和决策论。这项研究还可能导致开发新的技术,帮助人们做出更好的决定,或者通过使用强化来改善学习和技能获得。这项申请的资金将用于支持加州理工大学一个新的研究小组,该小组可以为认知神经科学和脑成像方面的本科生、研究生和博士后实习生提供研究培训机会。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
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John O'Doherty其他文献
Structural plasticity in the bilingual brain
双语大脑中的结构可塑性
- DOI:
10.1038/431757a - 发表时间:
2004-10-13 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Andrea Mechelli;Jenny T. Crinion;Uta Noppeney;John O'Doherty;John Ashburner;Richard S. Frackowiak;Cathy J. Price - 通讯作者:
Cathy J. Price
Medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex differentially activated by reward and punishment during an emotion-related reversal task
- DOI:
10.1016/s1053-8119(00)91166-2 - 发表时间:
2000-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
John O'Doherty;Morten Kringelbach;Edmund Rolls;Julia Hornak;Caroline Andrews - 通讯作者:
Caroline Andrews
P150. Computational Characterization of Social Inference Deficits Associated With Autism Traits During Observational Learning
- DOI:
10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.384 - 发表时间:
2022-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Caroline Charpentier;Qianying Wu;Sarah Oh;Jamie Feusner;Reza Tadayonnejad;Jeffrey Cockburn;John O'Doherty - 通讯作者:
John O'Doherty
Reward and Decision Making in Corticobasal Ganglia Networks.
皮质基底节网络的奖励和决策。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2007 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Bernard Balleine;Kenji Doya;John O'Doherty;Masamichi Sakagami. - 通讯作者:
Masamichi Sakagami.
スピリチュアル・ケアと「我執性」」日本ホリスケィック教育協会編
日本整体教育协会主编《心灵关怀与“自私”》
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2009 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Bernard Balleine;Kenji Doya;John O'Doherty;Masamichi Sakagami.;西 平 直 - 通讯作者:
西 平 直
John O'Doherty的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('John O'Doherty', 18)}}的其他基金
Neuronal substrates underlying the construction of value in humans
人类价值构建的神经元基质
- 批准号:
2318899 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 29.81万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
MRI: Acquisition of a high performance 3T magnetic resonance system for high resolution human brain imaging
MRI:获取用于高分辨率人脑成像的高性能 3T 磁共振系统
- 批准号:
1727007 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 29.81万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
US-German Collaboration: Computational and Neural Mechanisms of Inference over Decision-Structure
美德合作:决策结构推理的计算和神经机制
- 批准号:
1207573 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 29.81万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Aversion to losing? Neural mechanisms underlying the paradoxical effect of incentives on performance
厌恶失去?
- 批准号:
1062703 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 29.81万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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