Functional characterization of a cytochrome P450 involved in gravitropic signal transdution

参与向重力信号转导的细胞色素 P450 的功能表征

• 批准号: 0618506
• 负责人: Sarah Wyatt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0618506&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functional; characterization; cytochrome; P450; involved

Gravity plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development. In response to changes in the gravity vector, plants reorient by differential growth. For simplicity, the response pathway has been separated into three sequential steps: gravity perception, signal transduction, and asymmetric growth of the responding tissue. A significant body of research has helped define the events of perception, the role of the plant growth regulator auxin, and the mechanisms resulting in the response. The events of signal transduction, those that link the biophysical action of perception to a biochemical signal that results in auxin redistribution remains a black box. The gravity persistent signal (gps) mutants provide a wonderful tool for gene discovery in plant gravitropic signal transduction. The gps mutants have already provided new insights into the gravity signal transduction pathway. Cloning of the GPS genes have identified three new proteins involved in those events: GPS1 encodes a cytochrome P450, GPS2, a synaptobrevin involved in vesicle trafficking, and GPS3, a transcription factor. The research proposed focuses on the functional characterization of the protein encoded by GPS1, i.e. investigating the substrate binding of the cytochrome P450 and determining whether the P450 activity is organ specific or constitutive in the signal transduction events. The experiments should provide solid information on the activity of the GPS1 protein and its role in the gravity signal transduction pathway. Elucidating factors governing plant responses to gravitational forces has potentially far-reaching implications for manipulating plant growth and development for human use and for understanding other signal transduction events, especially those initiated by biophysical stimuli. Broader impact: Besides providing new, fundamental information to supplement existing models of plant gravitropism, results of this research could enable the development of technologies leading to innovations in post-harvest handling of commercially important floricultural crops that are often gravistimulated during shipment or storage resulting in misshapen and worthless stems, to innovations in horticulture or agriculture crops that improve harvesting capability or that lead to new varieties that better suit human needs. In addition, the PI and graduate students are dedicated to education and outreach and use their research as a launching point for those interactions. The PI is active in collaborative research and teaching, has published not only papers for scientific journals but materials for education and outreach, and has presented numerous talks to K-12 students/ teachers and to community groups. Ohio University draws 25% of its undergraduate population from the surrounding Appalachian region of Ohio and West Virginia. Students at the university are exposed to the technologies available in the research laboratories through both the classroom and working individually in research laboratories. The PI believes strongly in research activities for undergraduates and in providing opportunities for them to travel to present their work and currently has six undergraduates working in the laboratory, three from the Appalachian area and four first generation college. The current project will provide research and training opportunities for several undergraduates in addition to the one position requested. It will also provide resources to provide additional training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students through incorporation of materials into laboratory and lecture courses.

重力在植物生长发育中起着重要作用。为了响应重力矢量的变化，植物通过差异生长重新定向。为了简单起见，反应途径已被分成三个连续的步骤：重力感知，信号转导和响应组织的不对称生长。一个重要的研究机构已经帮助定义了感知事件，植物生长调节剂生长素的作用，以及导致反应的机制。 信号转导的事件，那些将感知的生物物理作用与导致生长素重新分布的生化信号联系起来的事件仍然是一个黑匣子。 重力持续信号（gps）突变体为植物向重力信号转导基因的发现提供了极好的工具。 gps突变体已经为重力信号传导途径提供了新的见解。 GPS基因的克隆已经确定了三种参与这些事件的新蛋白质：GPS 1编码细胞色素P450，GPS 2编码参与囊泡运输的突触泡蛋白，GPS 3编码转录因子。 本研究的重点是GPS 1编码蛋白的功能表征，即研究细胞色素P450的底物结合，并确定P450活性在信号转导事件中是器官特异性的还是组成性的。 这些实验将提供有关GPS 1蛋白的活性及其在重力信号转导途径中的作用的可靠信息。 阐明植物对重力的反应的因素对于操纵植物生长和发育以供人类使用以及理解其他信号转导事件，特别是由生物物理刺激引发的信号转导事件具有潜在的深远影响。 更广泛的影响：除了提供新的基本信息来补充现有的植物向重力性模型外，这项研究的结果还可以开发技术，从而创新商业上重要的花卉作物的收获后处理，这些作物在运输或储存过程中经常受到重力刺激，导致畸形和无价值的茎，园艺或农业作物的创新，提高收获能力或导致更适合人类需求的新品种。此外，PI和研究生致力于教育和推广，并利用他们的研究作为这些互动的启动点。 PI积极参与合作研究和教学，不仅为科学期刊发表论文，还为教育和推广提供材料，并向K-12学生/教师和社区团体发表了许多演讲。俄亥俄州大学25%的本科生来自俄亥俄州和西弗吉尼亚州的阿巴拉契亚地区。 在大学的学生接触到研究实验室通过课堂和研究实验室单独工作可用的技术。 PI坚信本科生的研究活动，并为他们提供旅行展示工作的机会，目前有六名本科生在实验室工作，三名来自阿巴拉契亚地区，四名第一代大学。 目前的项目将提供研究和培训的机会，除了一个职位要求几个本科生。 它还将提供资源，通过将材料纳入实验室和讲座课程，为研究生和本科生提供更多的培训机会。