Power System Responses to Complex Environmental Policy and Incentives under Restructuring: Models and Analyses of Policy Interactions, Effectiveness, and Efficiency

重组下电力系统对复杂环境政策和激励的响应：政策相互作用、有效性和效率的模型和分析约翰霍普金斯大学地理与环境工程系，马里兰州巴尔的摩市，21218环境法规和法规极大地影响了电力部门的设计、成本和排放。侧重于特定问题或技术的政策可以相互加强或相互矛盾。本研究解决了两个问题：如何在电力系统运行、规划和市场模型中捕捉多种环境政策和激励措施的重叠效应？环境政策如何与电力市场设计相互作用，从而影响电力部门的运营和投资，以及由此产生的经济效率和排放？需要分析的具体问题是：多种政策和激励措施对发电投资和运营的累积效应；同一电力市场中不同司法管辖区政策不一致的影响；以及另类排放权分配带来的发电投资扭曲风险。研究任务包括：在公司和市场两级发展适当的电力系统运作和规划模式；估计PJM和西北欧市场的相关参数；以及模型在研究问题中的应用。以前对环境政策影响的分析要么使用非常简化的发电技术模型，要么孤立地考虑一项或两项政策。所建议的工作的智力价值包括：电力系统模型的发展，以考虑电力市场参与者面临的各种环境激励；这种电力系统与经济模型的独特结合，将允许对政策的累积效应进行更现实的分析。更广泛的影响包括提高对电力部门政策和市场设计的影响的理解，并提出改进建议；在电力系统模型中更现实地表达这些政策；对学生进行电力系统、经济学和环境政策方面的跨学科培训。提案人的研究小组在女性和少数族裔博士毕业方面有着良好的记录。

Power System Responses to Complex Environmental Policy and Incentives Under Restructuring:Models and Analyses of Policy Interactions, Effectiveness, and EfficiencyBenjamin F. Hobbs and Catherine S. NormanDepartment of Geography & Environmental EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218Environmental statutes and regulations have greatly impacted power sector design, costs, and emissions. Policies focusing on particular problems or technologies can reinforce or contradict each other. This research addresses two questions: How can the overlapping effect of multiple environmental policies and incentives be captured in models of power system operations, planning, and markets? How might environmental policies interact with power market designs to affect operations and investment, and the resulting economic efficiency and emissions of the electric power sector? The particular issues to be analyzed are: the cumulative effect of multiple policies and incentives on generation investment and operations; the impact of inconsistent policies in different jurisdictions within the same power market; and risks of distorted generation investment stemming from alternative emissions rights allocations. The research tasks consist of: development of appropriate power systems operations and planning models at both the firm and market levels; estimation of relevant parameters for markets in PJM and northwest Europe; and application of the models to the research questions. Previous analyses of effects of environmental policies have either used very simplified models of generation technology and/or have considered one or two policies in isolation. The intellectual merit of the proposed work consists of: the development of power system models to consider the full range of environmental incentives that power market participants face; this unique marriage of power systems and economic modeling will permit more realistic analyses of the cumulative effects of policies. Broader impacts include improved understanding of the effects of power sector policies and market designs as well as recommendations for improvement; more realistic representations of these policies in power system models; and cross-disciplinary training of students in power systems, economics, and environmental policy. The proposers' research group has a proven record of graduating female and underrepresented minority Ph.Ds.