Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Informal Identity and the Mimbres Phenomenon: Regional Identity and Archaeological Cultures in the Mimbres Mogollon

在Patricia a . Gilman博士的监督下，Bernard a . Schriever将进行分析，将从博物馆收集的三个发掘的米姆布雷遗址（老城、加拉兹和风山）的数据与他在实地工作中收集的数据结合起来，调查它们之间共同身份的潜在形成。这些遗址只是位于新墨西哥州西南部的许多当代米布雷斯人社区中的三个，这些社区至少从公元750年到1130年被占领。虽然Mimbres遗址彼此之间存在差异，但在发展、建筑和物质文化方面明显存在相似之处，这将它们与周边地区的遗址（如亚利桑那州的Hohokam和北部的Anasazi）区分开来。换句话说，他们是一种共享文化的区域现象，考古学家将其称为Mimbres。施里弗的研究重点是使用多种证据来研究考古学中的一个基本问题。考古学家定义的文化，就像Mimbres一样，仅仅代表了人们共享相似的物质文化（东西）、行为和对世界的适应吗？或者，这些文化对共享它们的人来说是真正的身份吗？考古学家要努力解释导致过去社会形成、转变和解体的过程，研究考古学定义的文化与生活在这些文化包围区域内的人们的身份之间的关系至关重要。这是因为种族、阶级和民族等身份对人们的日常生活至关重要，限制和指导着他们与他人的互动。身份是社会组织的基础。该项目考察了三个Mimbres社区居民之间生产和交换商品的做法。评估这些实践中的差异提供了一种方法，可以评估一个社区内和三个社区之间的个人共享共同做事方式的程度，这是身份的基础。此外，记录这些实践是否以及如何随着时间的推移而变化，将有助于深入了解社区居民之间发生的互动和共同生产实践的数量，这是形成身份的关键过程。从更广泛的角度来看，这项研究开始为考古学提供一种向公众传达身份复杂性的方法。鉴于公众对考古学的兴趣，考古学在媒体上的流行证明了这一点，考古学家如何描述过去的人会影响公众如何理解过去的人以及如何看待现在的人。考古学家需要有方法来讨论他们的工作，明确启发式方法（比如考古学上定义的文化）和过去人们的身份之间的区别，这样公众就不会产生两者是一样的印象。通过详细描述过去人们身份的复杂性，考古学家可以帮助公众认识到，今天人们的身份也同样存在问题，这有助于消除基于身份刻板印象的单一对待。这项研究的结果将通过面向不同组成群体的渠道传播：在科学和学术会议上，特别是向公众开放的会议上发表演讲和张贴海报；公众和科学界均可访问的网站；以及针对科学界和面向公众的媒体的审稿期刊和书籍的出版物。

Under the supervision of Dr. Patricia A. Gilman, Bernard A. Schriever will conduct analysis that brings together data from museum collections of three excavated Mimbres sites (Old Town, Galaz, and Wind Mountain) with data collected during his fieldwork to investigate the potential formation of a common identity among them. These sites are but three of many contemporary Mimbres communities located in southwestern New Mexico and occupied from at least A.D. 750 through 1130. While Mimbres sites exhibit differences from each other, there are clearly similarities in development, architecture, and material culture, that distinguish them from sites in surrounding areas (like the Hohokam of Arizona and the Anasazi to the north). In other words, they are a regional phenomenon of shared culture that archaeologists recognize as the Mimbres. Schriever's research focuses on using multiple lines of evidence to examine an essential concern in archaeology. Do the cultures defined by archaeologists, like the Mimbres, simply represent people sharing similar material culture (things), behaviors, and adaptations to the world? Or, could these cultures have been actual identities to the people who shared them?Research into the relationship between archaeologically defined cultures and the identities of the people who lived within the areas encompassed by these cultures is critical in archaeologists' endeavor to explain the processes that lead to the formation, transformations, and dissolution of past societies. This is because identities, such as race, class, and ethnicity, are fundamental to people's daily lives, constraining and guiding their interactions with others. Identities are the basis for how societies are organized. This project examines practices involved in the production and exchange of goods among the inhabitants of three Mimbres communities. Assessing the variation in these practice provides a means to evaluate the extent to which individuals within a community and among the three communities shared common ways of doing things, the basis for identities. Further, documenting whether and how these practices changed through time will provide insight into the amount of interaction and co-production of practices occurring among the communities' inhabitants, key processes in the formation of identities. From a broader perspective, this research begins to provide archaeology with a way to communicate the complexities of identity to the public. Given the publics' interest in archaeology, evidenced by the popularity of archaeology in the media, how archaeologists present past people has ramifications for how the public understands people in the past and thinks about people in the present. Archaeologists need ways to discuss their work that make clear the differences between heuristic devices, like archaeologically defined cultures, and the identities of past people, so that the public does not get the impression that the two are the same. In detailing the complexity of people's identities in the past, archaeologists can help the public recognize that the identities of people today are just as problematic, helping to dispel the monolithic treatment of people based on stereotypes of identities. The results of this research will be disseminated through outlets directed toward a variety of constituent groups: presentations and posters at scientific and academic conferences, particularly those open to the public; a website accessible to both the public and scientific community; and publications prepared for both refereed journals and books directed at the scientific community and those media aimed at the public.