MSPA-MCS: 3D Fluid Surface Reconstruction Using A Multi-Camera System

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Modeling and reconstructing time-varying 3D fluid surfaces is achallenging problem. First, accurately measuring 3D fluid surfaces isdifficult because their features can be highly varying in space and time,and the measuring device should not be intrusive to the fluid. Second, theevolution of fluid surfaces is governed by complex physical mechanismsthat need to be incorporated into the reconstruction methods. In thisresearch, the PIs propose a novel approach for accurately reconstructing3D fluid surfaces from sampled data. This project consists of two keycomponents: a fluid surface acquisition method and a fluid surfacereconstruction method. For data acquisition, the PIs propose to design anovel experimental system using a light field camera array that cansimultaneously capture different views of a fluid surface. A known patternis placed beneath the surface and each camera observes a distincttime-varying distortion pattern. A sampled fluid surface can then bemeasured by analyzing these distortions. For surface reconstruction, thePIs propose to develop an iterative optimization algorithm which minimizesthe error relative to the sampled data and finds the reconstructed surfaceby solving the full Euler equations for 3D free-surface flows. Solutionsof these equations are computed by using an efficient numerical method.The results of this research have many applications in Fluid Mechanics aswell as in Computer Graphics and Vision, such as the validation ofexisting fluid models and the integration of reconstructed fluid surfacesinto animations and film footage to reproduce realistic phenomena. Thisinterdisciplinary project will promote the training of graduate studentson mathematical modeling, laboratory experiments, and computersimulations. The PIs will also develop courses and seminars for bothundergraduate and graduate students interested in these topics.