Evolution of host plant adaptation in the crucifer-feeding specialist Pieris rapae.

以十字花科植物为食的专家菜青虫 (Pieris rapae) 的寄主植物适应进化。

• 批准号: 178788273
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Ute Wittstock
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/178788273?language=en
• 关键词: Evolution; host; plant; adaptation; crucifer

The association of Pierid butterflies with glucosinolate-containing plants began about 75 million years ago with a host shift from Fabales to Brassicales. The key innovation that allowed colonization of these plants was the gut nitrile-specifier protein that enables Pierid larvae to circumvent the harmful effects of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system by redirecting glucosinolate hydrolysis to nitrile instead of isothiocyanate formation. We found that metabolism of glucosinolate-derived aromatic nitriles in Pieris rapae larvae is associated with release of cyanide turning the mustard oil bomb into a cyanide bomb . As aromatic glucosinolates were the most widespread glucosinolates in ancient Brassicales, we hypothesize that the ability to detoxify high cyanide levels contributed to the primary host shift. In this project, we will compare the impact of a cyanogenic diet on performance and food choice of P. rapae and a set of generalist and specialist lepidopteran herbivores. We will elucidate the mode of cyanide detoxification in P. rapae. The enzymes involved in cyanogenesis and cyanide detoxification will be identified at a molecular level. Finally, we are going to compare the mode and efficiency of cyanide detoxification among Pierid species. The involvement of two different groups of plant chemical defenses in speciation of one group of herbivores has rarely been studied. The results of the project will enable a better understanding of the biochemical bases of insect herbivore adaptation to the complex chemistry of their host plants in a coevolutionary context.

粉蝶与含硫代葡萄糖酸盐的植物的关系开始于大约7500万年前，宿主从蚕豆目转移到紫斑蝶目。允许这些植物定殖的关键创新是肠道腈特异蛋白，其使粉蝶幼虫能够通过将芥子油苷水解重定向为腈而不是异硫氰酸酯形成来规避芥子油苷-黑芥子酶系统的有害影响。我们发现，硫代葡萄糖苷衍生的芳香腈在粉蝶幼虫的代谢与氰化物的释放，把芥子油炸弹变成氰化物炸弹。由于芳香族硫代葡萄糖苷是古油菜目中最普遍的硫代葡萄糖苷，我们推测，解毒高氰化物水平的能力有助于主要的主机转移。在这个项目中，我们将比较生氰饮食对P. raismus和一组通才和专科鳞翅目食草动物的性能和食物选择的影响。我们将阐明P. raidoris的氰化物解毒模式。参与氰生成和氰化物解毒的酶将在分子水平上被鉴定。最后，我们将比较不同种类粉蝶对氰化物的解毒方式和效率。两组不同的植物化学防御系统参与一组食草动物的物种形成很少被研究。该项目的结果将使人们能够更好地了解昆虫草食动物适应其宿主植物在共同进化背景下的复杂化学的生化基础。

项目成果

Herbivore Adaptations to Plant Cyanide Defenses

草食动物对植物氰化物防御的适应

• DOI: 10.5772/66277
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Ohlen Mv;Herfurth A-M;Wittstock U
• 通讯作者: Wittstock U

Turning the ‘Mustard Oil Bomb’ into a ‘Cyanide Bomb’: Aromatic Glucosinolate Metabolism in a Specialist Insect Herbivore

将“芥末油炸弹”变成“氰化物炸弹”：专业昆虫草食动物的芳香硫代葡萄糖苷代谢

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035545
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: PLoS ONE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Stauber EJ;Kuczka P;Ohlen Mv;Vogt B;Janowitz T;Piotrowski M;Beuerle T;Wittstock U
• 通讯作者: Wittstock U